Road Construction On Land Resources, Ecological Environment Impact Study

With the development of natural economy and impetus of domestic demand, the highway construction of our country gets a rapid progress. How to coordinate it with natural environment is becoming a extremely urgent topic of environmental protection in 21st century. Study on the effect of highway construction on ecological environment, which is advantageous to limit the harm of highway construction and also provides the theory basis of environment-protection measurements, has practical significance in improving the coordinate development between highway construction and society, economy and environmental benefits.This paper took the MianYang-SuiNing freeway construction project as examples, analyzed the effects of freeway construction on the land resource productivity along the line quantitatively with the method of biomass investigation, on the other hand, analyzed the effects of engineering construction on land usage spatial structure and the stability of land resource structure and function with the theory of landscape ecology. It proposed some effective measurements which had a guiding sense to the environmental protection road construction.It showed: 1) Engineering construction such as soil sampling, soil excavating and subgrade construction changed the physical and spatial structure of highway ecology system which caused the change of soil layer and soil supplying ability that lead to the decrease of plant production power. The losing biomass was up to 11.6% of total biomass in evaluating region. The most of vegetation cover biomass which permanently occupied by the freeway can not be recovered, and the vegetation cover biomass temporarily occupied can be recovered gradually 5 years later. 2) The dominance of tilled land kept the top value which belonged to landscape model, playing a decisive role in the ecology environment of evaluating regions. It expressed that the landscape space-structure of protected area was reasonable after the engineering construction.Ecological integrity of land resource was fully evaluated by the organically combination of landscape ecology with biomass which conquered the limitation of recognizing ecological environment and conditionality of landscape ecology.