Rape Pollen Supercritical Co <sub> 2 </ Sub> Extraction Process Optimization And Extracts Of Active Research

The kinetic model of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction was investigated in this study, and some extraction parameters were tested. The fatty acid compositions of the extracts of SC-CO₂ extraction and Soxhlet extraction from rape pollen were identified by GC-MS. PUFA was enriched in the extract of SC-CO₂ extraction, especiallyα-linolenic acid which has the content of 51.94% higher than 48.51% in Soxhlet extract.The laboratory technique of rape pollen SC-CO₂ extration was studied. Six factors such as temperature, pressure, flow rate, time, moisture content and shattering method had been selected with three levels for orthogonal design to examine the effects of different parameters on percentage of rape pollen essential oil of SC-CO₂ extraction. The enrichment ofα-linolenic acid under the laboratory technique was also studied. The optimal parameters were temperature C3, pressure P₁, time T₁, flow rate F₂, moisture content M₃ and shattering method S₂. The appropriate separation parameters were 7MPa and 60℃in separator 1 and 40℃in separator 2 with the same pressure as in CO₂ kettle. Under this condition the extraction percentage was 8.87% higher than 8.3% in Soxhlet extraction, and the separation ratio was 6.72:1 withα-linolenic acid content of 62.6% in separator 1. The aim of enrichment ofα-linolenic acid in separator 1 was reached.In pilot plant test, three factors like temperature, pressure and flow rate were selected with three levels to examine the effects of different parameters on extraction percentage. The optimal parameters of extraction were pressure P₁, temperature C₂, flow rate F₂. The optimal parameters of separation were pressure of separator 1 S₁P₃, temperature of separator 1 S₁T₃, temperature of separator 2 S₂T₂ with the same pressure as in CO₂ kettle. Under this condition the extraction percentage was 8.57% and the separation ratio was 8.6:1 with 64.9%α-linolenic acid in separator 1. The aim of enrichment ofα-linolenic acid in separator 1 was basicly reached.To enhance the antioxidant ability of rape pollen SC-CO₂ extract, through adjusting the parameters of separation by using the orthogonal test, the enrichment of vitamin E was obtained with the content of 166mg/100g. The antioxidant effect of vitamin E coupled with synergist on the SC-CO₂ extract was studied with other three antioxidants PG, rosemary and BHT. The maximal shelf life of extract with vitamin E and synergist could reach 656 days. The best composition of antioxidant was 0.2%VE plus 0.015% synergist. The antioxidant ability of soft capsule was confirmed in real time. SC-CO₂ extract had the inhabiting ability on tumor cell proliferation in vitro at the dosage of 80μg/ml, 40μg/ml, 20μg/ml and 10μg/ml. Results showed that at dosage 80μg/ml it had best antitumor effect on BGC, HepG₂ and A549 cell lines with the inhibiting rate of 17.08%, 23.51% and 21.10%(72h) respectively and showed the dose-dependent effect. The possible mechanism of antitumor effect of extract was under discussing and the contribution of each component in extract should be investigated further.