Based On The Environmental Ethics Of Water Resources In Wuwei City

Environmental ethics is one of the important ways to get the effectiveness on environmental management in foreign countries, while it is also the vulnerable segment in the present environmental management in China. The study object of traditional ethics was extended from the human domain to nature domain by Environmental ethics. Based on the interpersonal relationship, human-nature relationship, Environmental ethics forms the new behavior norm for the human society to standardize and restrain the human's activities, and plays more and more important roles in the process of achieving sustainable development. The developing process of environmental ethics is a rethinking to self-development of human beings, and the elite of environmental ethics lies in practice. Therefore, Environmental ethics will be improved in its application and the human's developmental pattern will be adjusted more effectively. Not only economic development but also environmental protection needs to make use of the science and technology completely. However, new problems will appear constantly if purely depending on science and technology without considering the ethics and philosophy. Only building the good morality views about environmental ethics and internalizing the morality of environmental ethics to be the power of environment protection can mediate the contradiction between the environmental protection and human's development to achieve the development harmoniously.Wuwei city locates in the middle reaches of Shiyang River basin with the position priority of acquiring water resources. In order to satisfy the demands of economic development and the continuously increasing population, lots of water resources was consumed by Wuwei city which aggravated not only the irrigation disputes with the lower reaches of this basin, but also the contradictions of water demand between human and eco-environment of this basin. What's more, the sewage discharge produced in the production and daily life of human beings exacerbates the eco-environment in the low reach and destroys the integrity and healthy of eco-environment in the whole basin. If this situation is continued, the fatal destroy of environment will be happened unavoidably. The existing problems of water resources utilization in Wuwei city also can be found in other inland river basins of China. So this study can offer a reference way to sustained development of economy in the similar area of China.Based on literature reviews, it is found that the study of water resource and eco-environmental problems in Shiyang River Basin mainly concentrate on three aspects: (1)based on physical geography summarized the forming reasons of water resource shortage and the fragile ecologic environment, and the effects for this basin because of regional climate changes in later 50 years was analyzed; (2)the environmental problems of irrational development and utilization of water resources were identified in the view of human behavior; (3)the change of Shiyang River Basin in history was summarized, including the process of oasis moving towards the middle reaches and the desertification of land forms. These studies are based on the whole basin or Minqin County, while the study of water resource management based on Shiyang River Basin in the perspective of environmental ethics has not been reported yet. In accordance with the experience and lesson of these two dry lands'development, the successful development in Israeli dry district and the ecological deterioration caused by the economic development, it will be possible that Shiyang River Basin can be led to the way to sustainable development of economical development while the eco-environment can be improved.The method of integrating theoretic analysis with demonstrative study was adopted in this study. Comparing and summarizing the literature, the reasons caused to the problems of water resource utilization in Wuwei City were clarified according to the theory of environmental ethics. It is found that the environmental problems of water resource utilization in Wuwei City are caused by the following reasons:Firstly, in the process of water resources utilization, the cognition of water intrinsic value in environmental ethics is neglected. Only the external value is recognized about water resources as the use to the economic development, but the intrinsic value isn't recognized as the use to own ecological functions of water environment.Secondly, utilization modes of water resources fall short of the principles of environmental fair, sustainable development, co-evolution. Thus the use of water resource in low reaches, self-purification ability of water body and the ecological balance of the water environment are affected.Thirdly, public awareness of environmental protection is poor, and it isn't formed to ecological notions and water-saving action yet.Fourthly, there are many problems in water resources management in Wuwei City, such as overmany management departments, overlapping functions among departments and lack of coordination mechanism. These problems lead to raising the cost of water resources management and lowering management efficiency.Lastly, due to the imperfect system and the limited level of education of the public especially the farmers, public participation in policy formulation and management of water resources is lower. The problems'essence of water resources development and utilization is the lack of knowledge and consciousness of environmental ethics and ecological integrality.In order to solve the problems on sustainable utilization of water resource in Wuwei City, based on environmental ethics, the new behavior patterns of human are set up in this thesis to deal with the relationship between man and nature and that between man and man for whole eco-environmental interests. And some suggestions were put forward to improve the water resource management in Wuwei City:(1) In the perspective of the capacity buildingTo strengthen capacity-building, the level and ability of public participation will be improved, the fair and equitable use modes of water resources will be established to the provision of security intelligence for the establishment and implementation of sustainable development modes.(2)In the perspective of water resource managementThe water-saving mechanism should be established by the restraint of the intrinsic value of water; through the role of plan and market, the allocation of water resources should be optimized; the water saving objective will be achieved by controlling the area of cultivated land, adjusting agricultural structure and developing water-saving technology.(3)In the perspective of human behaviorThe mechanisms for the protection of water resources should be established according to the principle of environmental fairness; the utilization modes of water resources should be adjusted for whole eco-environmental interests; water-saving habits should be developed to realize the equality in water utilization between human and nature.