Effects Of Exogenous Plant Hormone On The Sugar Accumulation And Related Enzyme Acctivities In Sugar Metabolism During The Development Of Grape Berries

Experiment was conducted with three-year-old Red globe grape trees,used different concentrations exogenous plant hormone deal with grapes at before anthesis and after anthesis,aim is to test the morphological,physiological and biochemical index during the course of fruit development,discussed the effects of exogenous plant hormone on the sugar accumulation and related enzyme activities in sugar metabolism during the development of grape berries,so as to provide a reference for production practices.The experiment was implemented in Red Globe plants of shihezi University agriculture proving ground in May tenth 2008 to September tenth 2008.There-year-old Red Globe plants which were unanimously, arborous,tree form criterion were used as experiment materials. Row spacing is 1mx3m,GA3,6-BA were equably sprayed on the fruit cluster at 5 days before blooms and 3 days after anthesis then determinate the change of longitudinal and transverse diameter of fruits,soluble sugar,activities of sugar metabolism-related enzymes and single cherry weight,soluble solids,total sugar,etal.At the same time,the content of photosynthetic pigment,the photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence were studied,studied the amylopectin accumulation and related enzyme activities in amylopectin metabolism.The result showed that as follows:1,Longitudinal diameter and traverse diameter of grape increased after treated by exogenous plant hormone.Grape fruit cluster treated by 6-BA,the increased effect of longitudinal diameter is larger then the traverse diameter,the fruit shape index increased,while T2 (20mg·L-1GA3)redused the fruit shape index, the everage fruit weight,the everage fruit cluster and the soluble solid content of grape berries autum increased after treated by exogenous plant hormone.2,The rate of sugar accumulation and the sugar congtent increased after treated by exogenous plant hormone,the effect may in the Turning-Color Period,but didn't chang the total rent of sugar accumulation.At the early stage of grape development the activity of acid invertase and neutral invertase increased,at the later stage of grape berries development,the activity of sucrose synthnase increased,T2(20mg-L"1GA3) and T5(20mg-L-16-BA) were most significant,showed that the exogenous plant hormone may regulate grape sugar accumulation by chang the activities of sugar metabolism-related enzymes.3,The content of photosynthetic pigment content increased after treated by exogenous plant hormone, the difference between the control and 20mg-L-1 GA3 treatment is the best significant,compared with the control,the chlorophylla increased by 13.2%,chlorophyllb increased by 23.3%,carotenoids increased by 38.6%(P<0.05).The increasion of chlorophylla was much less than that of chlorophyllb,so that the ratio of chlorophyll a/b reduced;The net photosynthetic rate (Pn),stomatal conductance (Gs),transpiration rate (Tr),photosynthetic effective radiation (PAR) and intercellular CO2 concenrtation (Ci) and water use efficiency (WUE) of leaves increased differently.4,At the autum of grape berries Minimal initial fluorescence (Fo),maximal fluorescence (Fm),photochemical quenching(qp) and the quantum yield of electron transport PSⅡ(Φpsii) increased, photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ(Fv/Fm) increased after treated by differente concertration of exogenous plant hormone (GA3,6-BA),but not remarkable.5,Amylopectin content of grape fruits increased differently at the early stage of fruit development after treated by exogenous plant hormone,toal amylase and a-amylase activity increased,while no remarkable effect onβ-amylase.There is a close connection between GA3 and amylopectin accumulation.