| Kernel Apricot is a general designation of apricot varieties producing almond. The almond is main material for food and medicine production, and it has abundance nourishment, dietary value and medical care function, so it has a well long term potential. The main confinement factor of developing kernel apricot in loess hill areas in north shaanxi is drought and low temperature. The drought often leads to seeding difficulty, growth weak,low survive rate of grafting and planting , weak growth potential and easy to aging. Lower temperature often leads to freeze injury so that influence production. This study using Long Wang-Mao, Yi Wo-feng , You-yi; Bai Yu-bian, and Shan-xing as materials, choosing representative areas ,aimed to resolve the critical technic problem in kernel apricot planting in north shaanxi. The main results are as follows: 1,In loess hill-gully areas in north shaanxi, the climate is drought and cold, and the soil is very poor. Under this condition, autumn sowing is the best way for the apricot seeding. The seed sowing in autumn sprouted earlier and grew quickly. 2,Tow times of toppinching and spraying 0.5% CO(NH2)2 and 0.5% KH2PO4 during the growth period from June to August could accelerate the growth of stock seedings. The best way for stock seeding graft was side grafting because the plant had a higher survive rate and grew quickly. 3,The last twenty days of October was the best time to plant kernel apricot. Adopting "root dipping, tree cover and stock embed"could increase survive ratio markedly. 4,The complete flower of kernel apricot had higher heritability, and the quantity heritability between varieties had very significant difference. According to the ratio of complete flower, You-yi; Long Wang-Mao and Bai Yu-bian had different production potential. The order was :You-yi>Long Wang-Mao >Bai Yu-bian. 5,In apricot fertility cultivation, draw branch, enlarge angle could promote bourgeon of buds, restrain the vegetative growth of branches, and could also facilitate flower growing and fruit in the inner crown of the tree. Covered with grass after fruit harvest and fertilizing before abloom had better effect on growth and production. Spraying 50mg/LGA3 during florescence could increase percentage of frtile fruit evidently. 6,The kernel apricot had strong cold resistance during dormancy stage, and they could resist -32oC. There had very significant difference between the cold resistance of different varieties, and the order was:You-yi>Bai Yu-bian>Yi Wo-feng >Long Wang-Mao >Shan-xing. During florescence and young fruit stage ,the kernel apricot was very sensitive to lower temperature. The capacity of cold resistance between flower and young fruit had very significant difference. The capacity in the period of bud showing was greater than florescence, and the later was greater than that in young fruit period. The median lethal temperature of Long Wang-Mao'bud was -8.1oC, the flower in full bloom was -2.4oC and the young fruit was -1.8oC. The median lethal temperature of young fruit of Yi Wo-feng ,You-yi and Shan-xing were -2.4oC,-1.7oC and -4.6oC. The order of young fruit's cold resistance among different varieties was Shan-xing>Yi Wo-feng >Long Wang-Mao >You-yi. 7,In the period of bud showing, spraying "Xianghua fangdoji","antifreeze","ABA"and "MH"could decrease the median lethal temperature and increase cold resistance. Among them the Tian-da 2116 was the best one and the median lethal temperature could fall by 2.5 degrees. The order of the effect on increasing the cold resistance was"Xianghua-fangdoji">antifreeze>ABA>MH. |
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