Niushoushan Forest Landscape Spatial Pattern Analysis And Dynamic Study

Based on the digitized topographic map of Mt.Niushou forest park(1:5 000),using investigation data of forest resources in 2006 and other historical data in 1955 and 1965, combining existing status of land groups and vegetation,the total landscape in Mt.Niushou is divided into 15 patch types. This paper aims to analyze the landscape spatial pattern features of Mt.Niushou forest park and the dynamic variation during last 50 years by means of FRAGSTATS to calculate some landscape indexes at patch,class and landscape levels,with support from GIS software ArcView. Moreover, it also discuss the reason for variation of landscape spatial pattern in this area. The primary analysis conclusions are as follows:1.Now, Mt.Niushou area is distributed and combined by 12 patch types which has the high proportion of Coniferous and broad-leaf mixed forest, Moso bamboo plantation and Broad-leaf mixed forest,but the proportion of the main landscape types is relative balanced,and without obvious matrix. In this area, the landscape pattern has relative balanced patch types and dense interlude had been emerged,and the situation of landscape is unstable.2.Between1955 and 1965, there was a tendency of fragmentation in Mt.Niushou area, showed Concentrated expression of increasing growth of landscape richness and patches, more abundant of landscape heterogeneity and diversity, phenomena of separating reciprocal in same types of patches, more complication of patches'shape,and the matrixs of landscape was transformed from Unstocked forest land to Pine pure plantation.From 1965 to 2006,it becomes more complex and disorder of landscape based on variation of Proximity indexes, Shannon's evenness index and Contagion index, as a manifestation of equal area of some main patch types shape and the discrete separating matrix that even not to define landscape.3. Relating to artificial and natural facts,the area and distribution of the patch types had taken place during recent 50 years.From 1955 to 1965,the decisive factor was artificial facts which changed the appearance of landscape by increasing landscape heterogeneity artificially. From 1965 to 2006,it is reflected that direction and process of natural succession,which from Coniferous pure forest into secondary Coniferous and broad-leaf mixed forest and Broad-leaf mixed forest without interfering with relative artificial facts especially.