Investigation Of Psychological Characteristics And Psychological Nursing Interventions Of Patients Undergoing Facial Plastic Surgery

ObjectiveTo investigate the emotion and personality of patients undergoing facial plastic surgery, establish the psychological assessment system before and after surgery. Translate and revise the Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire, to measure the prevalence of BDD and their psychological characteristics. To observe effects of psychological nursing interventions on vital signs, postoperative satisfaction and emotion.Methods187 patients scheduled for facial plastic surgery in Tianjin Plastic Surgery Hospital from September 2007 to September 2008 were examined using four assessment scales:Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA),Hamilton Depression Rating Scale for Depression(HRSD), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-R SHORT SCALE(EPQ-RSC), and Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire(BDDQ).97 patients were consulting outpatients and 90 were surgery patients. The surgery patients were randomly assigned to psychological intervention (PIG, n=45) or control group with routine surgical care (RCG, n=45). The vital signs were observed intraoperatively. The satisfaction was investigated using Satisfaction Questionnaire (SQ), and the emotion were assessed again in the postoperative supervision.104 family members accompanying with the patients were selected to complete the psychometric analysis of BDDQ. Analyze data using statistic software.Results1. The BDDQ was found to be highly reliable, with inter-item Cronbach's alpha r = 0.77, the test-retest reliability was 0.65 to 0.92. Factor analysis identified four factors that are feature specific:appearance preoccupation features, distress degree features, distress or impairment of function features, time occupied features.2.4.3% of patients undergoing facial plastic surgery have anxiety symptoms, and 19.8% have depressive symptoms. 3. BDD was diagnosed in 8.6%(n=16) of patients undergoing facial plastic surgery. The morbidity of aesthetic surgery group was higher than the reconstructive surgery group. The scores of anxiety and depressive symptoms in BDD group (BG) were higher than non-BDD group (NBG). The BDD score had positive correlativity with scores of anxiety and depressive symptoms, and the coefficient correlation were 0.273 and 0.302. The neuroticism score of the BG were higher than NBG4. The psychological intervention produced statistically significant differences in physiological measures of temperature, heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation. The score of SQ in PIG was higher than RCG. The scores of anxiety and depressive symptoms after surgery were lower than before in both group, and the scores in PIG were lower than RCG. The change in scores of anxiety symptoms before and after surgery was significantly greater in PIG.Conclusion1. The Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire is valid and can be used to accurately assess patients undergoing facial plastic surgery.2. The patients undergoing facial plastic surgery had anxiety and depressive symptoms.3. The prevalence of BDD was high. Most of the BDD patients consulted morbidity of aesthetic surgery had anxiety and depressive symptoms before surgery, and had neurotic trait in personality.4. The psychological intervention had positive effects on vital signs, patients' satisfaction and postoperative emotion.