The Study Of Mandarin Consonants And Vowels Based On Airflow/air Pressure Signal

In the company of the modern technological progress and the emergence of advanced instrument, Mandarin experimental phonetics researching frontier has been gradually changed, which transformed the acoustic and physiological flat to the biological mechanism flat in the researching of voice production. As the interpretation of speech phonation dynamical subject, aerodynamics have the critical theoretical value, that is further study on the interpretation of speech phonational mechanism and language acoustics. At present, the speech aerodynamic research recurs to different physiological parameters which collected by air pressure equipment under the different body`s condition of speech phonation, to explore the changes in vocal organs, especially the vocal cords, vocal cavity that are too difficult to observed by naked eye. At the same time, air pressure parameters is also substantial to used in the acoustic study. It provide massive information in the areas of the speech recognition, speech synthesis and the voice phonational typology.This article aims to compare the each basic unit of Mandarin, to measure and study systematically by aerodynamic methods. Consequently, to identify the correspondence between the physiological parameters based on air pressure and the acoustic parameters. While the acoustic charecteristics change, we can find the physiological mechanism relatively. In the specific experiment, the extraction of air pressure, acoustic signals, glottal resistance, rhinal signals in Mandarin (include 7 basic vowels, 22 consonants and 408 monosyllables) that fond air pressure parameters affected by acoustic features are different in the vowels and consonants. In vowels, the subglottal pressure and airflow rate can directly affect the number of Formants and Fundamental frequency. Generally, the subglottal pressure is in direct proportion to F2, the airflow rate is in inverse proportion to F1. Thus the vowel tongue map has drew by using the air pressure signals. Among the consonants, its acoustic characteristics (include on-glide, keep-glide and release in the process of articulation,VOT and GAP) have correspondence to the peak airflow, peak air pressure, the time length of peak airflow to peak airpressure, and the distance between airflow occuring position and the peak air pressure that can quatify the Gap. In analysis of the syllables` airflow/pressure, it found the syllables`acoustic structure of airflow/pressure signals, and the presentation form of airflow/pressure between initial consonants and vowels.