Study On Serni-affix Of Mandarin Chinese

The concept of semi-affix were proposed following the studies of the research process constant deepening, was accepted gradually, which was the result of many researchers'exploration of the characteristics in mandarin Chinese tirelessly. The emergence of semi-affix was inevitable, which was a intermediate product during a practical words to affixes. First of all, Chinese vocabulary causes greater variations in this century. because of society changes and the contacting with the outside world frequently. The emergence of semi-affix substantially releated to the language in this period. Secondly, the emergence of semi-affix also reflected psychological of undertake in the process of the creation of new words the. Language practice telled us that, selecting the semi-affix and its word-building ways on innovation has been accepted quickly and widely. " semi-affix " In fact, this idea has begun to brew in at two to three decades of last century. However, before 80's of 20th century, the study of semi-affix was in its early stage. Since our country reform and opening up in various fields, changes have taken place unprecedented. These changes reflected in the Chinese vocabulary was the emergence of large number of new words. Semi-affix emergence in Chinese as a combining form in substantially. The formation process of semi-affix was dynamic, and its quantity is not fixed. The reason of semi-affix emergence are complex:Society, foreign words and people's subjective psychological as the mainly external factors effected emergence of semi-affix. analogy mechanism and language economical mechanism as the internal factors effected emergence of semi-affix. Semi-affix was a branch of affix which source can be divided into two categories. First categories was endogenous, that is, both the characters and the morpheme were from the Han nationality in ancient languages. Second categories was exogenous, that is, the letter forms was in Chinese, but other language effectted on the process of forming. The innate character of semi-affix can be summarized as, a additional of component of word-formation, positioning and substantial analogy formation, semantic empty in the dynamic development of language. In definition of semi-affix should be adhered to the principle of "tolerance". The following points should be accept in definition of semi-affix: the meaning of the vocabulary majority was virtual, word-building positioning, word-building analogy, the productive formation, formation of non-neutral tone of the pronunciation. Type of semi-affix in modern Chinese can be divided into similar prefix and similar suffix, monosyllabic and two-figure, endogenous and exogenous, productive and non-productive, used often and seldom. Semi-affix has the function of indication the character words. Have the function of change and confirm attribute parts of speech of root. Semi-affix has the function of make phrases expressed as words. That is, semi-affix as entirety language units could form a clear concept and, express and participat to make sentences after compose with preposetive or rear of phrase. Of course, Not all semi-affix this function in morden Chinese, only a small part of semi-affix have this function. The development and changes of semi-affix were very quickly, based on the the external constraints of language and the self-regulatory function within language. Development and changes of semi-affix will occur the following four cases:the root morpheme develop into semi-affix, transition to a typical affix,stay at the original status, restore status to the root.