Spatial Differences Of The R & D Innovation And Technical Efficiency And Empirical Research

At present, China is during the important phase of the economic transformation. The economic development is also facing the transition from the extensive mode of growth relying on the resource investment to the intensive one relying on the technological progress. As the inner force of economic growth, R&D innovation activities play a crucial role in promoting the economy in China.This article, mainly from the aspect of the R&D innovation activity quantity & quality, analyzes and describes the China's current overall situation of R&D innovation activities. Angling on the "quantity", the paper reveals the deeper innovative phenomena of R&D activities, timing differences, provincial differences, regional differences, spatial layout, evolution trace, changing trend, etc…Based on the technical efficiency, using the translog stochastic frontier production function, it carries out the research on the R&D innovation quality and the innovation environment problems during the years between 1999 and 2008. The main conclusions are as follows:Firstly, a China R&D innovation activity is still in the formative years, and on this stage, it is characterized by focusing on "soft" technology introduction and development. Secondly, the level of China R&D innovation and technical efficiency is relatively low, while presenting the growth trend with the considerable room for improvement. Thirdly, the big spatial difference is existing when referring to the level of China R&D innovation. It shows the significant inter-provincial imbalance and the regional differences. And this kind of gap is narrowing down continuously, which is displayed by the club convergence appeared in the east, central and western regions of our nation. China R&D innovation efficiency in spatial distribution is also not reasonable, but the R&D innovation and technical efficiency tends to transfer slightly in time and space. And the trend is not that remarkable.What's more, the growth of China R&D innovation activity output is obviously capital-driven. To a certain extent, Government behavior and the financial development restrain China R&D innovation technical efficiency. While, the trade dependence, foreign capital utilization level, urbanization, industrial structure, human capital, industrialization, informalization, etc, all these factors take the positive role in promoting the R&D activities. And they could also further strengthen the R&D innovation technical inefficiency.Finally, this paper proposes the following measures to improve China's R&D innovation and technical efficiency:Firstly, to increase R&D innovation and capital investment, to optimize R&D innovation and personnel structure. Secondly, to expand,deepen the opening-up & to improve foreign capital utilization. Thirdly, to support more for backward areas & to reduce the R&D innovation activities in terms of spatial difference. Fourthly, to let the financial institutions further deregulate the innovation activities. Fifthly, to speed up industrial restructuring & to vigorously promote the high-tech industry. Sixthly, to promote the management of improvement and innovation & to build efficient & practical R&D innovation mechanism.