The Establishment Of New Rural Social Endowment Insurance System

China is a typical country of "the aging before getting rich". She has to meet the challenge of aging crisis in the developing stage. Meanwhile, the process of urbanization is speeding up; and the nuclear family is becoming the mainly family form. All of these factors bring a huge impact to the former rural old-age system in China. The establishment of new-type rural social endowment insurance system has important significance to economic development, political stability and social harmony.In 1992, the issuance of "Basic Scheme of Rural Social Endowment Insurance in Country (Tried)" defined the basic principles of establishing rural social endowment insurance system. With the development of society and economy, the Basic Scheme doesn't keep pace with times any long, and its own defects have exposed. Therefore, for replying the challenges of urbanization and aging, we should establish a new-type rural social endowment insurance system in our country by drawing lessons from the developed countries.Based on the above views, the main contents of this paper are summarized below:Chapter One, Introduction. This chapter involves following four aspects: summarizes the background and significance of the establishment of new-type rural social endowment insurance system; and defines the basic concepts of social security, social insurance and rural social endowment insurance; and reviews the research trends on rural social endowment insurance system; and points out the innovation and insufficient in this paper; and so on.Chapter Two, the Evolutional Process of Rural Social Endowment Insurance in China. Firstly, it introduces the historical changes on rural social endowment insurance system. Its development can be divided into four phases: pilot, extension, reorganizing and recovery. The historical changes of rural social endowment insurance system are the historical basis of the establishment of new-type rural social endowment insurance system. Thereafter, it introduces three basic patterns of rural social endowment insurance: Yantai's pattern, Qingdao's pattern and Suzhou's pattern, and then evaluates briefly these patterns. Finally, it analyses the defects of the former rural old-age system, including: a low level of social security, a poor stability and continuity of system, a low security and profitability of fund, and so on. The last two parts of this chapter is the direct cause of the establishment of new-type rural social endowment insurance system.Chapter Three, the International Comparison of Rural Social Endowment Insurance System. The analysis offers important references to the establishment of new-type rural social endowment insurance system. In this part, it studies three typical models of rural social endowment insurance system in developed countries: the unified system model, the specialized system model and the combination of unification and specialized system model. And it obtains the enlightenments on the establishment of new-type rural social endowment insurance system in China by comparing about foreign rural social endowment insurance system from multiple points of view.Chapter Four, the Thoughts of the Establishment of New-type Rural Social Endowment Insurance System in China. The establishment of new-type rural social endowment insurance system must respect the fundamental realities of the country. It includes: dual economic structure in urban and rural areas, imbalance of regional economic development, the coexistence of urbanization and aging, and the traditional rural endowment pattern being in a difficult position. At last, based on the national conditions, a personal view about the establishment of new-type rural social endowment insurance system is suggested by taking in experience and lessons from home and abroad.The framework of new-type rural social endowment insurance system include seven aspects as follow: the specialized system model; the method of as-trying-to-doing; the family elder security continues to display the important role; local conditions and classification design; the important role of land policy; the three subjects of state, local government and farmers; the rights of supervision and administration belonging to the provincial government, and so on.