Industry Cluster Analysis Of Risk And Avoid Countermeasures

As a special and widespread form of industrial organization, industry clusters has been much concerned by economists. Early from the external economic theory of Marshall, the industrial zone of Webber to the new competition economics of Michael Porter, as well as the socio-economic network theory of Gelannuoweite and Richardson, the formation of industrial clusters, competitive advantages and the risks have been carried out extensive research. Successful industrial clusters has became the main driving force to promote the economic development of the region, so, many local governments have formulated industrial clusters as a strategic tool for economic policy. However, the potential risk of industrial clusters can not be ignored, particularly in the professional industrial clusters , today's successful industry clusters is likely to decline into tomorrow's "regional issues." Understanding the risks of industrial clusters involved, and taking effective preventative measures, is the issue that industrial clusters and local governments can not afford to ignore.At present, domestic research on risk i,s relatively conspicuous, such as Cai Ning's network risk and Wu Xiaobo's"self-fertility"risk ,they think the causes of risk are from the own characteristics of industry clusters, but Cai Ning reserched the only one characteristics ,the networks. And Wu only divided the result into simple specialized parts: labor, geographical proximity, interrelated and overflow, I think it should be from the deeper causes of risk and therefore this paper states the causes of risk from three concepts: the embeddedness of industry clusters ,the resource sharing and the innovation of technology , In addition, as to the causes of risks ,the paper states the corresponding countermeasures.The whole dissertation includes five chapters, and they are showed as: In chapter one,the dissertation described the background and the significance of topics, as well as the main content.In chapter two, First the dissertation defined the concept of industrial clusters and the concept of "risk"; then introduced the classification of industrial clusters risk, according to different sources of risk, the risk of industrial clusters was divided into three types: structural risk, the risk of exogenous and endogenous , and risks are described in detail ;the end, stated the research on risk of Industrial Cluster both at home and abroad .In Chapter three, this part is the core of this paper about the main causes of the risk of industrial clusters. In this paper, the causes of risks are researched from a deeper level draw on the "network risk" and the "self-fertility risk". The sharing of resources and the embeddedness are the basic characteristics of industrial clusters, to a certain extent , they construct the advantages of industrial clusters, but also create risk. This article drew two relations plans describing the causes of the risks. In addition, innovation is the driving force for the development of industrial clusters, the paper introduced the causes of risk from the view of technical change, the impact of innovation has three factors: the technology itself, entrepreneurs and the environmental options of technology. In short, the paper thinks that the caused of the risk is from their own unique characteristics industrial clusters, and only learned about the risk of the causes of industrial clusters, we can take the appropriate measures to avoid the risk of endogenous, the structure risk and the exogenous risk.In chapter four, this part is the main content that proposed the measures of avoiding the risk of industrial clusters. This paper stated the recommendations according to the three causes of risk. Among them, in order to go beyond the sharing of resources rigid, the brand building should be strengthen, the virtual organizations should be established; in order to overcome the embeddedness of industrial clusters, the clusters should keep the relationship with the outside world, improve the business mechanism, establish a trust-based regional culture and develop the rational industrial policy, they are designed to inject fresh cluster elements to overcome the embeddedness;In order to promote technological innovation of industrial clusters, enterprises should strengthen the ability of independent innovation, the government should create a good innovation environment. This chapter aims to avoid the occurrence of possibility, but also to avoid the structural risks and exogenous risk.In chapter five, this part made empirical research on the automotive industry cluster of Jilin. The main content is that the risks were analyzed and categorized. According to the previous theoretical analysis, there are three issues: on resources sharing, the layout of space resources, the slow development of parts and components and the independent brands; on the embeddedness, including sexual, political and structure; in technological innovation, the innovation environment isn't perfect, such as lending policies and logistics. In addition, the auto industry cluster of Jilin also faced the competition in the industry, there are internal and external structural risk. Finally, the part made a number of recommendations.