Agricultural Land Expropriation In Local Government And Farmers Inequality Game

Land is not only the most fundamental key element of production in agriculture and the condition on which persons or things rely for existence. but also is one of the scarce natural resources that can't be manufactured. At present ,china is in a period of high-speed of urbanization, The process of the urbanization must follow the generous transformation of the right to use land and ownership. during the accelerated process of urbanization ,a mass of country owned land was requisited, arosing problems of agriculture land requisition, which include great reduction of agriculture land, the increase of the transformation of cropland to non-agriculture use of construction; the increase of farmers losing land, severe social contradiction resulting from land requisition. There is a "scissors difference" phenomenon of the price of land infringed upon the basic rights and interests of peasants whose land is expropriated. So the land- expropriated peasants have become the most disadvantaged and insignificant group, lacking in security and support. Currently, a considerable number of peasants lose their farmland, the only means of living, as well as a series of important rights, the issue of the land-expropriated peasants has been one of the most critical social, economic and political problems at present or even in the future.Actually, the land expropriation is benefit gambling between the peasant ,local government, forming the benefit conformity pattern which take land expropriation as the core problem. The course of land expropriation is the transformation of property right of land and the reconfiguration of the interests. During the land requisition the relationship between local government and confiscated farmers was actually gambling relationship. Local government and farmers as Economic Man, in order to achieve their maximum their benefit easily enter into prisoner dilemma. The game theory is appropriate to analyze the behavior of the local government and the farmer.The factors of system, local government and the farmers themselves are the reasons of the local government and the farmers inequality gambling relationship. In the course of gambling fanner's disadvantage position is mainly caused by system. First, inequality gambling relationship results from weakness right system of agricultural land and land requisition system. Currently, Property right of agricultural land describes as a simple system that peasants only own the contract and operation right to the rural land under a vague property right of collective land of peasants. The main defects of China's property right system of agricultural land are the property rights of the agriculture land , including property right of agricultural land is blur, the right of use is insecurity, incomplete content of property right and the lack of interest guarantee of property owner; the main defects of contracting rights, including, unstable contracting rights, unclear contents, asymmetry of rights and responsibility. At present ,the main defects in the requisition system of agriculture land are as follows: the right of requisition land has been abused in society, the public interest has been enlarged, the standard for compensation has been oversimplified,, the distribution of interest incline to non-agriculture sectors, and the Land-lost Peasants lack the support of the stable social security, etc.It has been proved by many facts that the course of land requisition which is dominated by the local government is unequal and compulsive in the course of land requisition. In the course of the land requisition local government obtain lots of benefit because government has monopolized land market from origin and could requisition for cropland through administrative power. On one hand government requisition for land from farmers in low price and on the other hand sell land to market in high price. Government plays multiple roles, including is the owner administrator, requisitioner and the supplier of state-owned land. The more land requisitioned by government, the more interest earned by government.The peasants have the characteristic of bounded rationality and dispersion make them negative position in the gamblingThe study of land requisition is very important both in theory and practice. We should not only affirm that the irreversible and inevitable trend of urbanization. But also strictly control the speed of land requisition and protect the right of farmers. In order to go out of the dilemma we should aims at establishing fair compensation standard, making property rights defined, reforming land requisition and compensation system , transforming the local government's function and enhancing peasants' organization.