Regional Economic Policies And Historical Evolution And Institutional Change

It's high time to summary and theorize distillation for Regional economic policy for nearly 60 years in China at present. First of all,we systematically review the historical evolution of regional economic policy in China and institutional change.After studying the initial conditions of modern China for the regional pattern, we found that the exploitation and aggression of imperialist powers intensified the pattern of regional imbalance. In the planned economy period, regional economic policy is balanced-oriented; the central government through command approach to prescribe the implementation of the plan; so the single tool for comparison is mainly the central government transfer payments to local and direct investment. In the restructuring period, the strategy of regional economic policies is non-balanced-oriented—the efficiency-oriented preferential development of coastal areas. In the latter part of transition, we divide into the two phases : giving priority to efficiency while giving consideration to fairness and equity-oriented, the former stage focuses that the east and the inland areas have equal opportunities of development; the later stage focuses that the central government has increased the support for the central-western regions.Secondly, the institutional change impacts the performance of regional economic policy evaluation among the various periods. Before the reform and opening up, implementing the balanced development strategy, we did not achieve the balanced-objective, but the gap has not narrowed but widened. After the reform and opening up, implementing non-balanced development strategy, we did not reduce the central-western regions development as premise, so once appeared the phenomenon of narrowing the gap. Later, implementing a series of effective and active regional policy, it played a very good effect in the ever-widening gap; the recent regional disparity has narrowed signs.Thirdly, building the framework born space elements of institutional change, the regional economic policies adopted by the SAR economy "M"-type organizational structure of the transmission mechanism of the system have far-reaching changes in the role. After the reform and opening up, typical of the "M"-type organizations gradual establishment of regional policy and institutional innovation in the process of proliferation played a positive role. As the socialist market economic system continuously improved, regional policy objectives, orientation, the approaches and mechanisms have undergone profound changes.Finally, we point out five suggestions for the regional policy and institutional changes in China in the near future: establish a institutional environment to standardized the local government competitive; speed up changes in the functions of local governments at all levels; establish institutions of coordinated regional economic policy; expand the scope of regional policy, establish a rational system of policy tools.