Appraisal And Optimization Research On China's Marine Industrial Layout

Since the reform and open policy, marine industries have developed rapidly. Before 1978, there are only three traditional marine industries, including fishery, sea salt industry and marine transportation. But in the 1990s', the marine oil and gas industry and coastal tourism industry developed fast, and to the 21th century, some newly marine industries, such as marine chemical industry, biological medicine, marine electricity and the sea water comprehensive utilization, which cause the entire marine industry play important roles to the national economy. We must realize the contradiction that marine industries'fast development is not in accordance with its'spatial layout, and there exist obvious"redion potential difference". which cause the regional different dispatately during the development of coastal regions to a certain extent.This paper is mainly revolves the two branches that"the appraisal"and"the optimization"to analyse China's marine industrial layout. In the research technique, by constructing theoretical model and abundant data, we adopt the criterion and demonstration, qualitative and quantitive method to demonstrate. In the aspect of marine industrial layout's appraisal, this paper applies the mathematical modle of Weaver-Thomas which optimizes about the industrialization strategy industrial layout to our country's marine economic zone. At the same time, we construct a series of evaluating indicator system which including position, proportion of added value, degree of incidence, elasticity of demand, the technical level, export degree of dependency and industry of scale. In the aspect of industrial layout's optimization, we construct theoretical models separately from the angles position, industrial connection, industrial structure and industrial scale.The part of appraisal about marine industrial layout applys correlation index to calculate the WT value of 11 coastal provinces. And results show: in the fishery resources, the proportion of Shandong province, Guangdong province, Guangxi province and Tianjin occupied over 70 percentage. In marine oil and gas, Tianjin and Shandong have the comparison superiority. Sea salt industry mainly distributes in Hebei, Shandong, Tianjin of surrounding Bohai Sea area. While there is no obvious overwhelming superiority in marine transportation and coastal tourism, these two industries'distribution is almost the same. From the only obtained data information, marine biological pharmaceatical industry in Liaoning and Fujian province, beach placer in Jiangsu and Hainan province, and marine engineering architecture in Jiangsu province have relative superiority in a certain.The second part about optimization is analyzed from two angles. On the one hand, by calculating the grey incidence degree of marine industries with grey incidence theory, results are as follows: The incidence degree between the third marine industry and total marine industries is the biggest, then the second and the primary marine industry. From single marine industry, the biggest linkage is fishery, then marine oil and gas industry and coastal tourism, while marine chemical and engineering architecture industries have the smallest grey incidence degree. And compared with majority emerging marine industries, marine traditional industries have the larger relevancy degree with the total marine industries. On the other hand, we analyse the dynamic process of China's marine industrial structure evolution Based on"triaxial map"method, the result indicates that the marine industrial structure evolution experienced three different stages during the process of layout. From dominated by the primary marine industry to the rapid development of the secondary and the third marine industry, till the third marine industry goes up to the leading position. Though there is somewhat difference in structure evolution between marine industry and regional industry, it is coherent with the rule of general industry structure evolution on the whole. And the general rule of marine industrial structure evolution requests objectively to layout the industries that have superiority or domination in the first position.In the end of this paper, we refer to the literatures about marine industrial layout in foreign coastal countries, such as America, Britain, Japan, Korea and so on. Then summarize the pattern of layout and experience to be reference. And finally, based on above analysis the author proposed"three-pole cluster and two-axis"model of China's marine industrial apatial layout system, that is relying on three major port groups which separately belong to surround the Bohai Sea, Long Triangle and Pearl Triangle as well as its'central cities as "pole", take marine transportation and marine industrial belts as the " double axis", so as to achieve China's marine industrial sustainable development.