Zhou Enlai And The First And Second Five-year Plan

From 1953 onwards, our country has entered a planned way during large-scale economic construction. As Premier Zhou Enlai, China's national economy has been responsible for leading the construction of the burden. Due to the length of this article, Zhou Enlai and introduces the first, second five-year plan preparation, implementation, and Zhou Enlai, one embodied in economic development thinking.First five-year plan is very difficult work, as a result of long-term war, our country did not elaborate, system statistics, population, poor foundation, coupled with the outbreak of the Korean War, the imperialist blockade against our country's embargo, such as too many uncertainties, the plan who suffers.Zhou Enlai led to listen to the views of the Establishment Sub repeatedly modified, and finally in July 1955 in the Second Session of the National People's Congress, was adopted."First Five-Year Plan" the basic task, Zhou Enlai on the following grounds: First of all, the main focus on the development of heavy industry, the establishment of national industrialization and modernization of national defense; the training of skilled personnel, the development of the transport industry, light industry, agriculture and the expansion of commerce; step-by-step the promotion of agriculture, handicraft industry, the co-operative and the transformation of private industry and commerce; the right individual to play in agriculture, handicraft industry and the role of the private business sector, and gradually improving the people's material and cultural standard of living.For the realization of first five-year plan for the indicators, the National People's enthusiasm into economic construction. To the end of 1957, first five-year plan for the various tasks in addition to a small number of foreign agricultural products are over-fulfilled. first five-year plan on the economic good, is the highest pre-1978 period.These achievements in the war has not ended, the three major transformation at the same time, the national economy has achieved aggressive, and very difficult.To second five-year plan period, the impact of political sentiment, there is no official second five-year plan document.But second five-year plan with the basic tasks of first five-year plan to maintain the continuity of good, namely: to continue as the center of heavy industry in the industrial building and promoting the technological transformation of the national economy, the establishment of China's socialist industrialization, the consolidation of the basis of; to continue to complete the socialist transformation, and to consolidate and expand the collective ownership and ownership by the whole people; In the development of infrastructure and continue to complete the socialist transformation on the basis of the further development of industry, agriculture and handicraft production, corresponding to the development of transport and commerce; efforts to foster the building of human resources; the improvement of people's material and cultural standard of living. A positive, safe, reform, development of the spirit.If in accordance with the second five-year plan to develop the national economy, should be able to achieve even greater results.However, increasing domestic "left" seriously affected the political atmosphere in the second five-year plan. Three-year "Great Leap Forward", resulting in agricultural production and industrial production of the normal order is damaged, the severity of the proportion of farmers serious disorders, a substantial decline in living standards of the people, the population of non-normal mortality rates increased significantly.The painful lesson to realize that Zhou Enlai: It is necessary to make great efforts to adjust the national economy.Thus, to enter into up to 5-year 1961-1965 time period of adjustment.During the adjustment phase, Zhou Enlai and other leaders of the party and state efforts to rationalize the relations of production and distribution relations, and stressed that countries in the stage of communism rather than socialism, restore the normal order of industrial and agricultural production, and seeking truth from facts, to break through the blind pursuit of rapid economic development subjective idealism ideology, economic development efforts to track back to eight, namely: the development of the economy and improving people's lives.Zhou Enlai, economic ideas embodied in the first five-year plan, second five-year plan implementation; first five-year plan, second five-year plan period, the diversity of the practice of economic construction, ideological and economic construction as Zhou Enlai, the formation and development a wealth of practice.In general, in the economic construction, Zhou Enlai stressed that a comprehensive and balanced, including balanced regional development, agricultural balance the ratio between light and heavy, heavy industry and other sectors of the national economy, such as the development of balance; Emerged as a result of economic development, as well as impatience aggressive objective reality regardless of the "Great Leap Forward", so that Zhou Enlai on the speed of economic development very carefully; who is a Prime Minister, Zhou Enlai stressed that the main building by itself, can not rely on foreign aid; and as a result of China has traditionally been a major agricultural country and most populous country, Zhou Enlai also attach great importance to agricultural production.Although Zhou Enlai, economic ideas have been the limitations of the times, it seems that there is today a place of its unscientific, but the situation at that time, Zhou Enlai, the practice is in line with the environment and efforts to track, in order to Jesus Christ open Pacific, and its multiple components, perhaps the only clear Zhou Enlai himself.