Institutional Economics Of Land System On Desertification Change

Recent years, desertification related issues become the focus of theoretical research. There are a large number of papers related to desertification, some of which are integrated investigation reports of government, some are special study of scientific research institute, and a large number papers in a variety of professional journals. However, the analysis methods of these articles can be attributed to geography or sociology, hardly found the analysis from the perspective of institutional economics to discuss the relationship between the policy and the changes of desertification land area.Through review of existing research results, this article holds the opion that simply applying the framework of a particular economic theory cannot explain the complex changes of land desertification in China. The situation, in-depth study of specific system factors, are necessary. This article aims to analyze the rural land system since the founding of Wushen, to find the effect of land policy on the land desertification.In the recent 50 years, the trend of Maowusu desert is quite different from the others in China, which are significant to study. So this article choose WushenQi, the heart of the Maowusu desert as the study subject. This article combines the natural conditions, cultural traditions and the government policy of the study area, to explore the advantages and disadvantages of the existing policy.In the main part, the research time-area since the founding of China is divided into four time periods, namely:the year 1949～1977 (collective ownership of rural land phase), the year 1977～1986 (the rural household responsibility system established and stage of development), the year 1986～2000 (rural household contract responsibility system stability and the deepening phase), the year 2000～2008 (rural land system and legal system sound stage). In each time period, the local population data, agriculture data, forestry data, livestock data are studied. Ultimately, this paper got the experience of Wushen in desertification control policy, such as the encouragement of government, the support of capital and so on.The characteristics and innovation of this article reflected in two aspects:First, in order of time line, combined the historical facts with the changes in rural land system; Second, from the view of institution, this paper studied the specific cause of desertification in the current study "human factors".