Essential Hypertension In Patients With Carotid Atherosclerosis In Ultrasound Studies

Object: to investigate the incidence and characters of carotid atherosclerosis in Essential Hypertension patients so as to assess the clinical value of ultrasound examination in this disease.Method: to do ultrasound examination on the carotids of 89 patients (including the first class of EH group containing 27 patients, the second class of EH group containing 33 patients, the third class of EH group containing 29 patients) and 31 healthy persons.Result: (1) The significant difference (P<0.05) had been obtained by comparing the systolic pressure velocity (SPV), end diastole velocity (EDV), pulse index (PI) and resistant index (RI) of EH patients' common carotid artery in the second class and the third class with the control group, which was composed of healthy persons. It was shown that SPV and EDV reduced, and PI, RI rose. (2) The significant difference (P<0.05) had been obtained by comparing intima-media thickness (IMT), internal diameter of blood vessels (D) of EH patients' CCA and ICA in the second class and the third class in which IMT became thick, inter diameter of blood vessels became wide with those of the control group. (3) The detection rate of plaque in carotid artery was 75.8% and 79.3% separately in the second class and the third class which had significant difference (P<0.05) in comparison with the control group (16.1%). It was shown that the determination rate of plaques in carotid artery tended to increase with the rising of the blood pressure. (4) The significant difference (PO.05) on IMT of CCA thickness had been obtained by comparing most and more plaques with a few and no plaques. It indicated that IMT tended to thicken with the degree of plaques increasing.Conclusion: (1) It was characterized mainly for pathological changes of carotid artery of EH patients with blood flow velocity slowing, vascular resistance increasing, complaisance decreasing, IMT thickening, blood vessel diameter widening and atherosclerotic plaques forming, so they were good indexes for ultrasound examination on CAS, including SPV, EDV, PI, RI, IMT and so on. (2) IMT thickening of carotid artery may be the earlier period manifestation of CAS. (3)Early found of atherosclerosis conduce to preventing the complication and directing the treatment of EH.