Hubei Kirilowii Seeds, Split Bone Dan And Houttuynia Chemical Composition Study

The article is composed of three parts, the first part studied on chemical constituents of the stems and leaves of Gendarussa vulgaris; the second part studied on chemical constituents of unsaponifiable matter from the seeds of Trichosanthes hupehensis; the third part studied on chemical constituents from the leaves of Houttuynia cordata.Part 1: studies on chemical constituents of the stems and leaves of Gendarussa vulgarisBo-Gu-Dan, the stems and leaves of Gendarussa vulgaris Nees. (Acanthaceae), growing in hills and scrub next to the village, mainly distributes in Taiwan, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Yunnan provinces of China. As a traditional Chinese herb, this plant, possessing the actions in removing beriberoid disease, dissipating blood stasis, os symplecticum, has been used for treatment of rheumatic arthralgia, irregular menstruation, postpartum abdominalgia, wound and cataclasis for many years. For the better of illuminating the active chemnical compositions, a systematical investigation on the chemical components of Gendarussa vulgaris has been performed.This part includes two chapters:Chapter 1: Review on the research progress of Acanthaceae.The correlative researching literature (nearly 40 years) about Acanthaceae plants, including chemical components and pharmacological effects, have been presented and summarized.Chapter 2: Studies on Chemical Constituents.From the 75 % alcoholic extracts of the plant, 5 chemical materials have been isolated by column chromatographies with silica gel. and 3 compounds were identified by NMR, MS spectrum. They are: potassium nitrate (BGD-1) , p-sitosterol(BGD-2) , BGD-3, BGD-4, daucosterol (BGD-5) . Among them, BGD-1, BGD-5 were isolated from the plant for the first time.Part 2: Studies on chemical constituents of unsaponifiable matter from the seeds of Trichosanthes hupehensis. Hu-Bei-Gua-Lou, Trichosanthes hupehensis. (Cucurbitaceae), mainly distributes in Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Shandong provinces of China. The fruits, pericarps, seeds, and roots are respective as fructus trichosanthis, semen trichosanthis, pericarpium trichosanthis, radix trichosanthis in China. The root of Hu-Bei-Gua-Lou is adulterant of radix trichosanthis, because of occurring emesis, nausea. Hexadecanoic acid, palmitoleic acid, linoleic acid, linoleic acid were discovered in the pericarp. For the better use of the Hu-Bei-Gua-Lou, a systematical investigation on the unsaponiflable matter from the seeds of Trichosanthes hupehensis has been performed.This part includes two chapters:Chaper 1: Review on the research progress of seeds of Trichosanthes LThe correlative researching literature (nearly 30 years) about seeds of Trichosanthes hupehensis, including chemical components and pharmacological effects, have been presented and summarized.Chapter 2: Studies on chemical constituents of unsaponifiable matter of seeds of Trichosanthes LThe fatty oil from the seeds of T. hupehensis was extracted with petroleum ether. The saponification was carried out with potassium hydroxide. The unsaponifiable matter was isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography. 9 compounds were elucidated by means of MS, IR, UV, and H-NMR. They are: karounidiol (HBGL-l),isokarounidiol (HBGL-2) , 5-dehydrokarounidiol (HBGL-3) , 7-oxodihyd-rokarounidiol(HBGL-4) , stigmast-7-en-3β-ol (HBGL-5) , stigmast-7,22-dien-3β-ol (HBGL-6) , 10α-cucurbitadienol (HBGL-7) ,β-sitosterol (HBGL-8) , stigmast-7, 22-dien-3β-O-β-D-glucoside (HBGL-9) . These compounds were isolated from the plant for the first time.Part 3: Studies on chemical constituents from the leaves of Houttuynia cordata.Yu Xin-Cao, the stems and leaves of Houttuynia cordata Thunb (Saururaceae), grows in hills and scrub next to the village. As a traditional Chinese herb, this plant, possessing the actions in heat-clearing, detoxicating, treating boils, apocenosis, inducing diuresis, has been used for treatment of lung anthracoma, pyemesis, dyspnea with cough, dysentery, pyretic stranguria, carbuncle, sore. Aldehyde and methyl ketone constituents, possessing antibiosis, antivirus etc, are effective constituent. Recently, shock anaphylacticus, systemic anaphylaxis were discovered in the clinical application. For reseaching adverse reaction and better use of the Yu-Xin-Cao, a systematical investigation on the Aldehyde and methyl ketone constituents from the leaves of Houttuynia cordata Thunb has been performed.This part includes two chapters:Chaper 1: Review on the research progress of aldehyde and methyl ketone constituents of Houttuynia cordata Thunb.The correlative researching literature (nearly 30 years) about Aldehyde and methyl ketone constituents of Houttuynia cordata Thunb., including chemical components and pharmacological effects, have been presented and summarized.Chapter 2: Studies on aldehyde and methyl ketone constituents of Houttuynia cordata Thunb.Lipid-soluble Aldehyde and methyl ketone constituents are formed into water-soluble sodiumα-hydroxyalkanesulfonate derivatives by the addition reaction of sodium bisulfite, and are separated in sodium bisulfite-diethyl ether-water two-phase solvent systems formed into other lipid-soluble materials by adding hydrochloric acid or sodium bicarbonate.Decanoyl acetaldehyde, methyl nonyl ketone are active constituents of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. The diethyl ether extracts of Houttuynia cordata Thunb, are formed into a-hydroxyalkanesulfonate derivatives by the addition reaction of sodium bisulfite, and are separated by adding sodium bicarbonate formed into other lipid-soluble materials. 3 compounds were elucidated by means of MS. They are: decanoyl acetaldehyde(YXC-3) , sodium houttuyfonate(YXC-2) , methyl nonyl ketone(YXC-1) .To sum up, systematical investigations on the chemical components of Gendarussa vulgaris, Trichosanthes hupehensis and Houttuynia cordata Thunb have been performed, 17 compounds have been isolated. Among them, 11 compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time.