Chemical Composition Of Sea Red Berries

Malus prunifolia(wild)Bovkh.(Qiuzi in Chinese,Malus)grows in some Chinese areas such as Baode and Hequ of Shanxi Province,Zhungeer of Inner Mongolia.The fruits of Malus prunifolia(wild)Bovkh have been used as Fructus Crataegi in some area with good benefit for the blood liquids of the old.Some health care product is made from its fruit.It has been proved by our previous research that the extract from the fruits of Malus prunifolia(wild) Bovkh exerts various pharmacological effects including anti-oxygen deficit, antihypertensive and blood-lipid reducing.Its chemical constituent has not been reported.In order to investigate its active chemicals,the methods of natural pharmaceutical chemistry were used in this paper.The main research was aimed to identify the variety of the traditional Chinese medicine,the extraction and isolation,and to identify the components from the extract.To identify the variety of the fruit medicine:Malus prunifolia(wild)Bovkh is the variety in our research through comparing the characteristic identification of its organs such as flowers, leaves and fruits with the literature.The extraction and isolation process is as follows:The fruits of Malus prunifolia(wild)Bovkh(5kg)was extracted three times with 75% ethanol(10,8,8)for(1,1,1h).The extracts were combined and concentrated under reduced pressure.The concentrate was leached and the deposition was dried out.The filtered liquid was subjected to chromatography through a MCI—gel(HPD—400)column.Elution with H₂O yielded a fraction consisting mainly of sugars,Fr1.Further elution successively with 15%, 30%,50%and 75%ethanol yielded four fractions,Fr2,Fr3,Fr4,Fr5.The deposition was separated by repeating silica gel column chromatography,which was eluted by different concentration of petroleum ether-ether acetate and petroleum ether-acetone, and was finally purified by a means of repeating crystallization to give compoundⅣ,Ⅴ,Ⅵ,Ⅶ. Fr3 and Fr4 were separated by repeating polyamide column chromatography,which was eluted by different concentration of ethanol -water and ether acetate-methaol,and were purified by repeating Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography,which was eluted by methanol-water and chloroform-methaol,and finally by a means of repeating crystallization to give compound, Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅷ,Ⅸ,Ⅹ,Ⅺ.The purity of compounds was examined primarily by TLC and melting point along with other physical and chemical property.The type of characteristic structure and framework were judged by various color reactions and IR,the structure of compounds were characterized by instrumental analysis means,such as ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR.Thirteen compounds had been yielded in the experiments,among them six compounds have been identified,they are ursolic acid,oleanolic acid,β-Sitosterol,Quercetin,Rutin,Hyperroside.All of them were obtained from Malus prunifolia(wild)Bovkh for the first time.