Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Analysis Of Barriers To Children's Psychological And Behavioral Characteristics And Family Environmental Factors

Objectives:to investigate the personality, self-concept, behavior and family environ-ment characteristics, parents'personality of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD);to examine the the relationships between parents'personality of ADHD and the personality, self-concept, behavior and family environment characteristics of children with ADHD;to analyze risk factors of ADHD.Methods:60 children with ADHD and their parents were selected and at the same time 60 healthy contols and their parents were randomly selected.All the cases were investigated using assessment scales as follows:general status questionaire,hyperactivity syptoms questionnaire,Integrated Visual and Auditory Continuous Performance Test(IVA-CPT), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ),Piers-Harris Children's Self-concept Scale(PHCSCS),Child Behavior Checklist(CBCL), Family Environment Scale-Chinese Version(FES-CV).Statistical analyses were performed by discriptive statistics,t test, chi-square test,analysis of variance(ANOVA) and Binary logistic regression with SPSS.Results:(1)Children with ADHD had higher scores in Neuroticism and Psychoticism (p<0.01);lower scores in self-concept(p<0.05);compared with the controls, the ADHD had higher scores in depression,obsession,social recession,hyperactivity,aggression and anti-discipline(p<0.01);the parents of children with ADHD had higher scores in Neuroticism and Psychoticism than the control group(p<0.01);the scores of the ADHD group were lower in cohesion,Intellectual-Cultural Orientation,Active-Recreational Orientation,Moral-Religious Emphasis,Organization and higher in Conflict than the control group(p<0.01);there were differences on smoking or drinking of father in the pregnance of mother,month family earning, rearing patterns, disciplining methods,parent child relationship between the ADHD and the controls(p<0.05).(2)There were significantly positive correlations between Neuroticism of father and Psychoticism of children with ADHD;Extrovision-lntrovision of mother and the Extrovision-lntrovision, affiliation of children;Psychoticism of mother and depression,physical complaints, conflict, independence; Extrovision-lntrovision of father and Active-Recreational Orientation,Moral-Religious Emphasis.There were negative correlations between Extrovision-lntrovision of mother and conflict, Psychoticism of mother and Expressiveness.(3)Logistic analysis showed that the hyperactivity,organization, affiliation,antidiscipline and the Psychoticism of mother were the risk factors of ADHD(p<0.05).Conclusions:Children with ADHD showed more emotional instability,sensitive suspicious personality, inferior self-concept,more externalizing and internalizing behavior problems;mothers of children with ADHD showed more emotional instability,sensitive suspicious personality,and family environment were adverse;the most important risk factors to ADHD were the hyperactivity,organization,affiliation,antidiscipline and the Psychoticism of mother. Parents'personality was related with psychological and behavioral characteristics and the family environment of children with ADHD.