A Study On The Social Psychological Factors Of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder In Children

ObjectiveTo explore the social- psychological factors which influence the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) in children, and to provide the theoretical foundation for the prevention of ADHD in children.MethodsOne thousand two hundred and twenty one students (male 651,female 570) aged from 7 to 12 were surveyed by using the Parent symptom questionnaire(PSQ),Family Environment Scale(FES-CV) and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ). Logistic analysis was used to probe to influence of social-psychological factors on ADHD.And the relationship between Conners'scores and qulity of family environment was also analysed.Results1.The comparison of children'ADHD between different gender and age: The results showed that the prevalence of ADHD in child was 10.89% and the prevelence of ADHD of the boys and girls were 12.75% and 8.77% respectively. The prevelence of ADHD of boys was higher significantly than that of girls(P<0.05).The Conners'scores of boys(8.60±5.09)was higher than that of girls (7.48±4.89) (P<0.05).However, there were no significant differences of incidences and scores of Conners'in different age among children( P>0.05).2. Analysis on the social psychological factors of ADHD in children:①The incidences of children's ADHD differed significantly in parents'culture level, occupation, parents'expectation to children, breeding mode to children, father's drinking and smoking(P<0.05). Analysis of variance for Conners'scores of common instances showed the differences in parental culture level, father's employment, parents'low expectation, parents'child-rearing mode, mother'drinking . The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).②The score of conflict of FES-CV in ADHD family was significantly higher than that in normal family, but the scores of cohesion,feeling expression , entertainment , intellectual-cultural , religion , organization orientation in ADHD family were significantly lower than that in normal family( P<0.05).③The scores on psychoticism(P)of Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) of ADHD children was higher than that of normal children, the difference was statistically significant. While that of extraversion(E) , neuroticism(N) and lie(L) of ADHD children was lower than these of normal children , the difference were statistical insignificant.④Conditional Logistic stepwise regression analysis indicated that the major risk factors for ADHD in children were the parents'culture, born mode,the cohesion of FES-CV, the psychoticism of EPQ. But parents'culture and cohesion of FES-CV was a protective factor.ConclusionParents'culture level, occupation , parents'expectation to children, breeding mode of children,birth mode, father's drinking and smoking,quality of family environment (such as cohesion , feeling expression, conflict, intellectual-cultural, entertainment, religion, organization , control),and psychoticism are social psychological factors which influence ADHD in children, among these factors ,parents'culture level, birth mode, cohesion and psychoticism were risk social psychological factors.