Britain And The Anzus Treaty Of Alliance "(1945-1952)

On 1 September 1951, the delegates of United States, Australia and New Zealand signed ANZUS Treaty in San Francisco. It marked the formation of ANZUS Alliance officially. This article is to analyze from postwar to the formation of ANZUS and the Anzus Council the British reaction. Postwar Australia hoped United States could protect it by the Pacific Treaty which included US. But America was not interested in the Australian proposal.During this period, Britain didn't have big reaction. Britain accepted the regional responsibility for defense postwar. Britain agreed the Australian proposal because of the decline of the strength. However, Britain didn't help Australia achieve its aspiration. With the break out of the Korean War, US government pursued the Japanese Peace Treaty with great urgency. This, in turn, led America to have to consider the Australian proposal. US put forward'island chain' proposal and drew up a Pacific Ocean Pact Declaration, which didn't include Britain. Britain strongly opposed to the idea of a Pacific Defense Organization which would exclude Britain. Because of the British objection, America gave up the Pacific Ocean Pact Declaration. When Sid Holland who is the New Zealand Prime Minister visited America, US and New Zealand discussed and accepted the tripartite proposal. But Britain neglected the tripartite option and didn't show the attitude toward the tripartite option. When Dulles who was the Special Envoy of the President of the United States visited Australia, America, Australia and New Zealand discussed about the tripartite proposal and reached an agreement. However, US tried to let the Philippines take part in the treaty. Facing this situation, the British cabinet discussed the problem. At last, Britain accepted the tripartite proposal but objection to including the Philippines. America accepted the British view. On 1 September 1951, ANZUS Treaty was signed in San Francisco. The return of the Conservative to power, with Winston Churchill as Prime Minister, attempted to enter Anzus. Finally the British could accept their exclusion form Anzus.