Old Coins Money Instruments Act

The essence of Chinese ancient coin culture embodies in the characters calligraphy of coins. As early as the Spring and Autumn Period Warring States time, characters appeared on the coin, which symbolized that the ancients'aesthetic idea entered a new stage. From pre-Qin to the latter Qing dynasty, China has a systematic history of character and calligraphy, such as the calligraphy style of Zhuan,Li,Kai,Xing,Cao and so on. Except the ancient book record, the bronze ware engraved inscription and the stele carving inscription, the unique calligraphy art history of our country is also fully reflected in the ancient coin's characters. The ancient used their extraordinary wisdom to unify the calligraphy art and the circulation coins, and make which as the precious wealth of ancient coin culture of our country.The Chinese ancient coin, integrates the calligraphy art to the inscription on a coin, which has formed the unique characteristic of Eastern money, and manifests ancient's unusual esthetic appeal. The ancient coin's characters in different periods has manifested the different calligraphy style, different writing technique and thought of different calligraphist. And those characters have a strong sense of times, and full of unpredictable individuality characteristics. Therefore the calligraphy art develops together with the Chinese ancient coin. The calligraphy art is the essence of the ancient coin culture. The beauty of the ancient coin appears its infinite charm through the calligraphy art, the calligraphy of the Chinese ancient coin becomes he most prominent characteristic of Chinese ancient coin culture.Pre-Qin Dynasty's coin calligraphy art, actually develops in this historical stage—The Spring and Autumn Period Warring States.With developing in this special historical period, the currency has regional characteristic. The differences of the currency not only manifests in the construction, but also in the calligraphy style. Thus it reflects the culture difference in different region in this special period.An overall view of the pre-Qin Dynasty's coin, people can see that with same time or after that, such as Jin-wen,Jian-du,Bo-shu and so on, these calligraphy art supplements mutually. And they comprehensively reflects the evolution of the calligraphy style. Just because of this kind of initial initiation, coin's characters as a very important constituent has been highly valued by the rulers in the long Chinese currency history. Since then, the union of the coin's characters and the calligraphy art has been developed. After Qin extinguishes the Six Kingdoms, the coin is unified as Circular Coin with a Square Hole, and has been carried on as before. In Han Dynasty, the coin system named Shang-lin is built, which makes the official currency more standard. While the coin begin to restore ancient ways when Wangmang rules the country. And the coin's characters begin to be valued by the rulers. Along with the enhancement of Qin's centralization of authority, and starts from Ban-liang system, the circulation of one kind of money often extends to hundred years. Thus the coin's characters has honored the ancient characteristic when compared with the same time's calligraphy style. The Wei Jin Southern and Northern Dynasties continue to use the cion system named Wu-zhu, the characters doesn't change in a big way, most of them are Zhuan style. While the calligraphy style on the other coin in the same time has also honored the ancient characteristic. This is the special point of the coin calligraphy style which is different from others'development history during the period from Qin Dynasty to Sui Dynasty.The Tang and Song Dynasty's coin has well manifested the calligraphy art development achievement during that period, which has the extremely high artistic value. When research from the point view of the calligraphy style, Tang and Song's coin includes the five basic calligraphy style, such as Zhuan, Li. Xing, Cao; while from the point view of the historical data, the famous calligraphers as well as emperors'coin has left the precious wealth for calligraphy art's research. The prominent characteristic of Tang and Song's coin is that the famous calligraphers, emperors and feudal official has also joined the coin writing, which makes the characters calligraphy of coins even more glorious in this period.Generally speaking, the calligraphy in Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties all shows the honoring of the ancient characteristic. But they have also formed their own features when they imitate the old ways. Those three generations think highly of the kai typestyle, so their calligraphy style is monotonous, but it shows its different features when research it carefully. The kai typestyle is booming inYuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. With the flouring impact of Imperial Examination system, to meet the needs of the rulers, chirographers and scholar focus on character structure uprightness and balances, and the arrangements of handicraft. This accords the life attitudes of literators, which is cautious, constrained and complied to rules and authorities of the rulers. The calligraphy, as a kind of special existence in the Chinese culture, has manifested the Chinese nation's special spirit characteristic, the value orientation and the rhythm of civilization, and it is the most representative Chinese traditional culture. And the changing of calligraphy style is of great significance in the Chinese culture history. As far as the calligraphy style of ancient coin is concerned, it can be traced back to the calligraphy style of Jin, Zhuan, Xing, Cao, and so on, each kind of calligraphy style has it all. The development of calligraphy art together with the Chinese ancient coin has completely showed the changing process of Chinese calligraphy style. Consequently, the Chinese ancient coin culture has its own unique style because of the existence of coin's characters. Just like the stele carving, the mural, and the signature, the ancient coin's characters also carried numerous calligraphy styles and became the indispensable constituent of Chinese writing and calligraphy history. The calligraphy of the ancient coin's characters changes with times, which is the precious carrier of reflecting Chinese calligraphy art evolution and the development. This paper uses the time as a clue to discusses the features of the ancient coin's characters in different historical period; to explores the cultural connotation of coin's characters calligraphy art, thus to proof that kind of calligraphy is the combined point between the calligraphy culture and the ancient coin culture. Therefore, this paper aims to study the ancient coin's characters calligraphy art. Based on the ancient coin to supplement the Chinese calligraphy art history with related content, it is in order to reveal the unique relations between the coin's characters and the development history of calligraphy in different historical period, to summarize the important position and the cultural significance of the ancient coin's characters calligraphy in the Chinese calligraphy history. And this study is very essential.