From Shaanxi Crusades Mentality Of The Intellectuals In The Early 1990s

In the early 1990s, Chinese literature stepped into marketing age. The writers and the publish houses made lots of literary outlets sell well, such as "shanjundongzheng", "bulaohu" series and "changpianre". There was a complex situation when these works be well sold, especially at what time Chinese social change historically.as writers and publishers of literature works, intellectuals played important roles in this matter. The fast-developing market economy made intellectuals confused, but they had to struggle to survival. It means they have to find new ways to make value of themselves, and to compromise to market economy seemed like a good choice. But it was difficult for intellectuals to get off their high horses, so when running after market and money, they experienced challenge and reconstruct of their status. What they had experienced and what they had chosen? It is important for our Chinese literature study.Here, we will try to deep into the "shanjundongzheng" series, research the interaction of every aspects, by Pierre Bourdieu's theory about literature produce field. Especially, we will focus more attention on intellectuals, the linchpin of literature produce. In research, I will try to back to history where all these things happened, and try to find the correct position of "shanjundongzheng" series.First of all, we have to concede that these well-sold literature works are not only exist in 1990s. Actually, there were many literature works sold very well in Chinese literature history. But, marketing make the 1990s novels very different. Chinese government started to develop economy in late1970s to early 1980s, and stopped subsiding to publish house. All of these pushed writers and publishers, who was poor all the time, to market directly and affected the direction and contents of literature works indirectly. If books sell good, there would be more income for intellectuals.Writers were considering:whether readers like my book or not? And publishers were faced with the pressure of selling and economic benefit. So, writers chose to write what readers like and publishers chose to push books to buyers by marketing ways. "Shanjundongzheng" series were given to birth in this background, and were the first batch of literature works sold by marketing. Although the works of "shanjundongzheng" got good public praise in readers, but to literature researchers, the assessment was complicated. There were arguments among researchers about literature works being sold by marketing ways. Some researchers thought that it was a good thing that literature works being read by more persons. In this way, not only writers and publishers can earn money but also readers'level would get developed. But the other researchers insisted that intellectuals had degraded and this situation would course depravity of literature. These arguments were called "humanistic spirit discussion". Researchers were not only discussed about the future of literature, but also the future of intellectuals. The experiences and choices of them affected the direction of literature developing, and the study of these is important for Chinese literature account.I think, it not correct to define "shanjundongzheng" series with "degrad". There were complicated situation when these works got into market, so we have to back to history, to think all of aspects, and estimate the value of literature of that time in history.