| The synonym combination is an important language phenomenon in which two or more than two words which have the same or similar meanings are used together, indicate a relatively comprehensive and act as a grammatical element in a sentence. As the synonym combination is very important in archaic Chinese, knowing its rules is necessary to note and read ancient books, and study the meanings of archaic Chinese as well as the emergence of coordinate compounds. This paper is to study the synonym combination of Shi Ji() according to the angle of synchronization and has the following seven parts:1.IntroductionThe introduction defines the synonym combination and gives a brief account of what our predecessors have studied about it. And it shows the objects, methods and sinificances of the study.l.How to determine the synonym combinationIt is thought that the combined synonyms consist of not only the absolute synonyms but also the similar words,i.e. That is to say,the emphases should be laid on its likness not on its differences. Provided the basic meanings of the combined words are the same, express an identical concept or refer to one thing or indicate a grammatical function, this structure can be thought as the synonym combination.3.The property of the synonym combinationThe property of the synonym combination is that its structure is a word or a phrase. For a long time, it is very difficult to divide words and phrases. Further more,the characteristics of the synonym combination determines its uncertain property. In addition,Shi Ji is a works of the late remote ages, when the synonym combination is in the ransitional stage from phrases to disyllabics. Therefore, the form of the synonym combination of Shi Ji is called "the strcture of the synonym combination" in the paper.4.The types of synonym combinationThe synonym combination of ShiJi, in the light of the parts of speech of the synonyms used together, are divided into kinds: notionnal and function types.The former comprises verb, noun and adjective combination while the latter includes adverb, conjunction,pronoun and preposition combination.S.The characteristics of the synonym combinationThrough the analysis and study, we find the following features of the synonym combination of ShiJi:(1) The imparity of quantity. In notional type, many are used as functions, and in quantity, verbs rank first, nouns second and adjiectives the last. However, in function type,adverbs come first, conjunctions and pronouns take the second place and prepositions are the least in quantity. (2) The hosenss of tructure.In syllable, there are disyllabic words and monosyllabic words. In order.the orders are not fixed and mang can be transposed. Most of the synonyms coming together keep their independence, which can be used both together and alone. (3) The integrity and regularity of meaning. The combined synonyms convey an integrated meaning and can't be explained one by one.(4) The fexibility of combination. The synonyms can be composed together when and where necessary.(S) The foundamental stability of parts of speech. The parts of speech don't change basically but with some exceptions. (6) The singleness of the grammatical functions. All the combined synonyms play the part of a common grammatical elment.(T) The complexity of semantic meaning structure. Because of diverse reasons for formation, the structures of semantic meanings are complicated after they are used together and can be divided into five types to research.6. The reasons for forming the synonym combinationThe reasons why the synonym combination come into being evolves the coming aspects:(l) Synonyms arise vastly,which are the material bases of make-up existing.(2) People's associative psychology is the mental bases.(3) The needs for expressing and the language rhythm are internal power.7. The function and significances of the synonym combination(1) In expressing, it makes language expression much more accurate and distinct .(2) By combining, wods can explain each other and some difficu... |
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