| "The Universal Ethics", put forward in 1990 by German theologist Hans Kung, is also translated into "the Global Ethics", "the Widespread Ethics" or "the World Ethics". It has already become one of the controversial issues in current China's theory fields (mainly in the philosophy field). The pursuit for the universalism will have important influence on school moral education in China. However, none of research in this aspect is in China's moral education circles. In the thesis, the author tries to do some creative work in this field. This thesis is totally divided into three interdependent parts as following.The first part discusses the background in which the universal ethic has been brought up. At the beginning, the author traces back briefly the age-old tradition of the universal ethic. In this writing, the main discussions are made on the necessity of the universal ethics. All the people in this globalizing era are living together on the same globe. "Global problem" is not a problem existing in some countries or districts. It can only be solved with joint efforts by all the people together with governments and countries all over the world. Thus, people as an individual, is no longer only a member of a family, a party, a community, and a country, he or she is becoming a citizen of the world. People are sharing the same benefits and also they are facing the same problems. Now people all over the world are convinced of the urgent demand in establishing the generally accepted value criteria and behavior norms, namely the universal ethics. Hence, the voice of seeking for the common value understanding is increasingly soaring from the beginning in the 1990s. "The Universal Ethics" has already been highlighted a main subject in the global ethical philosophy.The second part studies the meaning and significance of the universal ethic. The universal ethic, as a kind of human common moral understanding, moral attitude or value care, is the sublimation from varied national ethical cultures. It reflects a new anthropic moral value pursuit at present. When can it become the universal ethical principle obeyed by all over the world people? It is not of this thesis studying. We pay more attention to the realistic meaning of pursuing the universal ethic: indicating the emergence of a brand-new global consciousness, which is overstepping the national boundary. Appealing to establish the universal ethic is not only a realistic demand to resolve global problem, but also an anthropic moral consciousness to the human self s duties. The universal ethic is neither the hegemony ofcertain powerful cultures, nor the parochial arrogance of certain weak cultures. It should be established on the foundation of common overlapping understanding among different cultures, hanging on the equal dialogues and exchanges among the people from different countries and districts. It challenges the variform cultural centralism. People at present emphasize obviously on the cultural intercommunity and universality.The third part is the most important section. The author tries to clarify the relationship between the universal ethic and China's contemporary school moral education. The universal ethic, as a new kind of human moral value pursuit in the globalizing era, provides a culturally unique perspective to reflect profoundly traditional moral education, to orientate reasonably China's moral education from the high standpoint of the whole world and human culture. Standing at the whole human cultural height, we can see distinctly the tendentiousness of cultural centralism in China's school moral education, i.e., a tendency of excessive ideologism in morals, a tendency of extremely political utility in moral education. We stressed the implemental function of "value reason". Thus, the moral education was once reduced to a vassal of the political education, unable to dialogue and exchange in a democratic, equal and tolerant attitude with foreign cultures. Ultimately, our moral education drifted away from the spring tide of the world mod... |
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