Modernity Root Of The Problem And Its Practical Significance

The rise of post-modernity has its profound realistic background, post-modernity takes modernity as the origin of the problems that obsess people. And only by means of transcending modernity can people obtain the true meaning of life. As a result, the problem of modernity shows itself before mankind. Post-modernity considers the question of subject as the core of modernity, in order to transcend modernity we have to begin with criticizing transcendental subject.Modernity is a kind of modern spirit which holds over the rules and dreams behind the changes of every area of the modern society, whose core is the liberation and freedom of mankind, the establishment of human subject, and the development of world that under the control of subject. Reason and subject are the basic principle of modernity. In this sense, modernity pursues a kind of enlightenmental spirit that can truly establish subject, which helps mankind wake up from necromantic traditional bondages. The process of heading for reason enlightment is the same one in which human conquers nature and secures happiness. Modernity has established the thought of subject that individual is key. Modernity is profoundly reflected in the thinking mode of dividing of subject and object and shows itself as the aspiration of mankind for freedom and advancement of knowledge.Post-modernity unfolds its critique on the principle of modernity. In the opinion of post-modernity, modernity opened the door for epistemology that bases on reason., and invents the preestablished existence of subject, puts mankind on a preferential position and thus leads to the broke-up of human-nature and human-human relationship. The problem of modernity can be summed up to the flooding of extreme individualism and the lost of humanselfhood. Post-modernity transcends modernity by the means of negating and clearing up selfhood. Structuralism deconstructs the preestablished subject of modernity. Habermas reconstructs modernity on the basis of criticizing subject philosophy. But he believes that reason is shaped and developed in human history, in order to adapt to the development of society we need to propel reason and replace the preestablished subject with inter-subject.Through studying the history of western modernity theory, we can find some help in reflecting the problem of modernity in China. The diverge on modernity shows the complexity and particularity of the modernity problem in our nation. Still, we consist that the problem of modernity in China is the question of subject. We should consider the problem of modernity from the special facts of our country and make it clear that it's the construction of modernization makes the question of modernity show itself. Which indicates that modernity in China is a process of subject growth. The development of market economy makes it necessary to intensify the realization of subjection for individuals, liberate human personality, respect individual rights and choice, add something new to the construction of moderation, which will do good to the democracy and equality of society and finally enhance the society development in harmony.