Hovering Between The Practical And Aesthetic Of Chinese Confucianism And Taoism Literary

In Chinese history ,there are two famous doctrines -Confucianism and Taoism .Confucianism ,whose creator is Kong Zi ,is not only stressed on the harmonious relationship beteen humankinds ,humankinds and society ,but also emphasizes on the social and political roel of literature accordingly its viewpoints emerged -"Literature carrying and spreading morals and doctrines ", "Poems displaying one's will". On the other hand ,Taoism ,whose ancestor is Lao Zhuang ,is stressed on individual spirit and soul ,emphasizing on literature 's anesthetic judgment .Taoism supports the regulation of nature ,opposing to decoration ,emphasizing on emptiness and stillness ,and its main points include"No forms for elephants","No voice" and"Smell--distinguishing" ,etc .Underthe guidance of the both twodoctrines -Confucianism and Taoism ,lots of great writers and literary critics appeared ,such as Si Maqian ,Ban Gu ,Wang Chong ,CaoPi ,LuJi ,LiuXie ,ZhongRong ,Chen Zi-ang ,Li Bai ,DuFu ,BaiJuyi ,HanYu JiaoRan and Si Kongtu ,etc .Accordingly ,all sorts of literacy works and theories turned out ,such as "prelude to poems ", "Classic theory ", "Anthem of literature", "Critical works of LiuXie "and so on .Both of thedoctrines ,Confucianism and Taoism ,were combined together ,opposed to each other ,or intercrossed from time to time .In the history or at present ,every writer reads and understands the Confucianism -Taoisms in there own ways inheriting and developing it gradually .The function of literature has been developing with its practice being the main guideline and its beautiful requirement being the secondary . "Chinese literary researchers pays more attention to social ethics ,social pragmatism ,politics ,etc .The so-called theory of society majors in whether or not literature is advantageous to the nation,social,harmony,stability,individual,personality ,traditions and folk conventions ,etc ."( [Methology of literature and arts ] by HuJingzhi and Wang Yuechuan ,on page 25).When the society is admist turbulence and political situation is disadvantageous to the intellectuals ,writers would apply their works to show their own political standing in order to persuade the rulers ,among whom includes Du Fu ,Bai Juyi ,Han Yu ,etc. Some of them would rather retire back to the nature, protecting themselves, such as Li Bai, Ji Kang , Ruan Ji .When the society is stable enough for intellectuals to realize their ambitions ,they would make every effort to help the governors .In accordance with the changes of intellectual's joining in society and retiring from society ,sometimes they favorConfucianism-pragmatism; sometimes they prefer to the beauty of works. Generally speaking, There is a popularity that Confucianism is accepted more previous than Taoism .The theory of Chinese literature winds its way forward, slowly but firmly.In whatever times , literature & arts have double values in pragmatism and aesthetics. All in all, pragmatism and aesthetics would depend on each other. Someone believes that & literature arts are independent and can be isolated from politics. However, I think that, in any historical period, either yesterday, today or tomorrow, any form of arts can not be separated from social politics; or else those works which are only for pure artistic purposes can not be spread and well accepted. It is the very significance that we would reach especially when we do researches on literary pragmatism and aesthetics.