Yao Jiheng, Cui Shu Fang Yurun Of The Book Of Learning " Brief "

Book of Songs is the sourse of brilliant and magnificent Chinese literature which contains abundant history contents of the Pre-Qin period. So I always pay more attention to its emotion and truth which its' language embodys. The researchers of Qing Dynasty confronted a difficult problem of innovation. However, Yao jiheng who lived in the early Qing Dynasty, Cui Shu who lived in Qian Long and Jia Qing time and Fang yurun who lived in Jia Qing time, they weren't influence by Maoshixu, Zhenjian and Zhu Xi's Shijizhuan which are the traditional scriptures of researching of Book of Songs, regarded the principle of independent thinking and free discussing as their aims, returned to the original scripture from different perspectives, restored the original circumstances of poetries and seeked the poems' real intention. They attributed to the innovation in researching of Book of Songs and were called "the School of independent Thinking". They were very unique in the history of researching of Book of Songs which gived us a refreshing feeling. These are the reasons that I resoarch three persons. In this article, I try to analyze these three persons' ideologies in discussing Book of Songs from two aspects it is the historical background of their age and their works, explore the deep reasons and the inherent relations which impel them to from a school and compare their ideas on these bases.They all regarded independent thinking as starting point.when they interpreted poems and advocated that the discussion of poems should be objective and regardless of distinguishing of Han and Song. They put forward their detailed views of interpreting poems based on critisizing the forefathers' annotation. Yao jiheng analyzed poems from natural disposition and intelligence on the bases of human feelings and opposed the people who pursued the essence that poems were the carrier of feelings by starting principles. He also analyzed the poems' artistic ways of expression from literature. Thus Yao jiheng implemented his academical ideas of interpreting poems objectively from these two aspects. Cui Shu was known as a historian suspecting ancient events which made him different from Yao jiheng. He verified poems' content and meaning from history aspects and explored deeply the relation between poetry and politics. These were Cui Shu's guiding ideology he seeked poems' real intention. Later Fang yurun analyzed poems from different perspectives, such as " Observing the whole as One", "seeking poems' implications", "Neglecting principles", "Combining person with his era" and "Combining the poems with geography and folklore". Besides he restored poems' real features from the aspect of literature, appreciated ancient' distant emotions which were hard to understand.Their ideas weren't perfect, for example, they were all shackled by scripture ideas and took conservative attitudes to poems. However, these were the reasons of the age and we shouldn't be too critical. In a word, three persons interpreted poems independently and objectively from scripture, history and literatyre aspects, explored poems' original intention and tried to return to the scripture. Therefore, no matter at that time or in the past, they all challenged the traditional ideas of researching poems and brought fresh air to the later discussion. Moreover, a lot of theoretical analyses and achievements in their ideas were worth of learning.