| The theory of smoothing Mind derdloped on the standard in the aestletial senes . With the starting point of freeing one's mind , it calls on casting off the personal considerations and is theaesthetical principle with the lofty stafe to observe the objects in nature . In observing the nature , the perceiver and the world blend , the former can contribute to his inner tranguility and smooth his mind in nature and arts ,in doing so they enjoyed themselves aesthetically and spiritually .In understanding the aesthetics about nature in Chinese history . The humans focused on the purpose of application of natural beauty in primitive society . Besides , there were natural aesthetic standards of comparing Morality Spreaded in Pre- Qin Dnasty and smoothing mind arised in wei and Jin Dynasty and the Northern and Southern Dynasty , The Development of the natural aesthetic standard , from, the purpose of Application to Camparing Morality to Smoothing Mind ,marked the dramatic change of its looks in ancient China at that tune .The consciousness and maturity of natural aesthetic views not only promoted positvely the development of literary and artistic creation then , enriched the aesthetic thoughts in six Dynasties ,but also affected The chinses aesthetics in later ages in an active and profound way .I. The Development of the Theory of Natural aesthetics in Ancient China .The aesthetic standards of nature in Ancient China went through a theoretic process from free state to conscious one , that is , from Application to Religious worship to Comparing Morality to Smoothing mind . It is also the course of appreciating the natural mountains and waters .I ) The Purpose of Application : Adopt the attitude of application and religious worship towards the natural mountains and waters .In primitive society , human's coneeption about beauty is rather vague . Our ancestors judged beauty based on whether the objects are obviously pracitical to them . Thus all the naturell subjects which became their targets of aesthetic at the very beginning were closely related with their productive practice and the way of life . In Hunting ages , man dressed themselves with parts of animal's fur , bones and feathers , etc , yet overlooked the blooming flowers .Then way of natural religion towards the mountains and waters in a certain sense , is also a variety of it's application . because the mountains and waters afected them so great that they mere made mystery by them .II) Comparing Morelity : Comparing the kindness in Morality with natural mountains and waters .The theory of Comparing Moraility was the viewpoint about natural beauty arised in Spring and Autumn Period and War state . So called "comparing Morality " is , in understanding the mountains and waters ,the perceiver compared some charecteristeics of natural objects with some moralities of man's moral principles , and explored the inner harmony between men and the natural mountains and waters by personifying the nature . From their the shape and characterrstics , the viewpoint of comparing Morality assosiated the gentleman's beauty of persoaality , especially the spirit of human relations in natural aesthetics , Which can not be seperated from the strong ethics of confucian aesthetics .comparing Morality in literary art was recorded earliest in The Book of Poem and Ballads of Chu State . It was closely related with the Seeking symbols in Poets of Zhou Dynasty and Comparing Symbols in The Book of Poem and Ballad of Chu State . In Chinese aesthetic history , it was , GuanZhong who earliest. clarified the Comparing morality theoretically . Besides, Yan Ying, Lao Zi & Zhuang Zi also had their own understanding about it . But the theory of Comparing Morality in statements and works by confucist school was much more overstated , various and theoretical. The most typical representative was confucius .Coufucices said . "As pieces of Jade , the gentlemen should compare their morality , then added ,"the wisend to the waters , yet the kind prefer to the mountains ."In... |
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