| From 1943 to 1947 when it mediated the relations between the Kuomintang (KMT) and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), the U.S. "Special relationship". The purpose was to found unified and pto-American China that would exert function in Far East to meet the need of America in the period of the war and postwar. For this, the two principles were coordinated and indispensable, however, they were of unconquered contradiction viewed from the reality in China.II. The initial phase of this policy. In 1944 the U.S. government intervened the conflicts between the KMT and the CCP in a way of pressing Chiang and allying with the communists. Coming to visit China in June 1944,Vice-president Wallace made a suggestion that Chiang Kai-shek should allow the communists to join the KMT government. Later, Kauss, American Ambassador to China also suggested that Chiang Kai-shek organizing a coalition military committee. Chiang refused both of the suggestions. In this period American did not succeed in organizing "edition government" except forcing Chiang Kai-shek to agree that American troops could send a inspecting delegation to Yan'an. The delegation obtained some results but could not have any impact on America's China policy.III. Special Envoy Hurley in China. In September 1944, President Roosevelt's Special Envoy Hurley got involved directly in the negotiation between the KMT and the CCP. At first he and the CCP arrived at "FiveAgreements", then he turned to support the KMT's "Three Anti-suggestion".Hurley failed in his mediation. Although he was inclined to uphold KMT, Hurleypressed Chiang in order to attain his target in this phrase. In the following phrase, he turned to press CCP under the pressure of Soviet Union, and support Chiang' autocracy .These actions increased the possibility of the government carried out the policy of organizing the two parties into a " coalition government" in order to realize regime union in China. Based on the historical documents available at home and abroad, the thesis tries to have a deep understanding of the nature of U.S. government's China policy by analyzing why it adoped such a policy, how the policy was carried out and the necessity of it's failure. The thesis consists of five parts.I. This part analyses the reason of this policy and its counotation. During the Cairo meeting in November 1943, President F.D.P.coscvelt put forv/ard the conception of organizing the KMT and the CCP into "coalition government" in order to defeat the Japanese Fascist and assign the Far East order postwar. The Policy included two principles as the way to realize regime union in China. One was to keep Chiang Kai-shek's leadership and the other was to facilitate in some form the coalition government comprising the KMT and the CCP. It nucleus was to uphold the so-called Sino-American civil war. Although there had been difference in these two phrases ,It was accordant with attaining "coalition government" in order to realize regime union in China.IV. Special Envoy Marshall in China. In December 1945 ,George C. Marshall, President Truman's Special Envoy began to mediate the conflicts between the KMT and the CCP.He took a series of series of steps such as pushingfor the completion of Crease-fire Agreement,the Political ConsultativeConference Resolution and the Military Reorganization Agreement,and thereforemade more achievements than ever before . However, American government continued to help shipping KMT's troops to northeast part of China and establishing his ruling in whole China, Marshall changed to favour Chiang Kai-shek in his mediation and led to the civil war breaking out first in Northeast China and eventually all over China.V. Conclusion. From 1943 to 1947 in order to mediated the relations between the Kuomintang (KMT) and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), the U.S. government carried out the policy of organizing the two parties into a "coalition government" in order to realize regime union in China. During the process of mediation,although there ha... |
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