Volga -- An Analysis Of The Urals Islamic Cultural Characteristics And Formation

In the early of the eighth century, Islam arrived in Volga-Ural region. After conformity with traditional and foreign religion, Islam turned into the main belief of the inhabitants of Volga-Ural region. This paper researches the process of the Islam, concluding three peculiarities of it in Volga-Ural region, namely, Islamisation is not unifactorial in different districts and different peoples; Sufism is prevalence; before the invasion of the Russia, Islam was very closed to the polity, but in the sequel Islam didn't interfere with it. The thesis consists of four chapters.Chapter I summarizes the four seasons of Islam in Volga-Ural region. In the early of the eighth century, Islam is introduced into Volga-Ural region; Islam was established the official religion in 922; In Golden Horde Khanate, the Berke khan and the Uzbek khan carried out tough policies to spread Islam, so Islamisation was intensified; In 1552, the Russia annexed the Kazan Khanate, the government took the cruel policy to suppress Islam, from then on Islam was always in disposition in Russia.Chapter II explores the first feature of Islam. Firstly recounts the two representations of it: Islamisation is not unifactorial in different districts, the degree of Islamisation in farm belt is deeper than the of nomadism zone; Islamisation is not distinctness in different nations, Tatars' is more deeper than Bashirs'. Follows it analyzes its reason, there are plain, hungriness, forest, highland and other landforms in Volga-Ural region, which results in multi- economic life style, so their requirement for spirit is different.Chapter III discusses the second feature of Islam. This paper deals systematically with the introduction and influence of it, expounds the exhibitions of it in the fields of ideology and politics. And then analyzes the cause of it, the fundamental reason is Sufism bore tolerance, the worship of totem, polytheism, Judaism, Shamanism and so on greatly influence the Sufism.Chapter IV analyzes the relationship between Islam and politics. Before the Russia invaded which is very closed, but after it Islam wasn't concern with the politics. This is determined by the centralized autocracy and the government's policy of religion.