Apologies Multidimensional Perspective

Apology is a kind of important social intercourse, just like expression one's thanks, promission and command, and it has close relation with people's daily life. But traditional linguistics has not enough research on apology, because it lays emphasis on language not on speech. In recent years, people pay more and more attention to apology with the development of pragmatics. But this kind of research mainly quotes the theory of pragmatics to explore the character and feature of apology. Researching apology from pragmatics is a kind of exceeding of traditional linguistics, but analyzing only with the theory of pragmatics often pays attention to rules not to effect. In fact, every kind of speech act has deep psychological mechanism, wide social back ground, and is ruled by many elements. Every kind of speech act embodies the character of pragmatics and rhetoric. To explore the feature and regular pattern of apology, this paper applies the theory of sociology, psychology, literacy, pragmatics and rhetoric based on formerly research. It explores several questions: the character and the forming mechanism of apology, the tactics and way of apology and the restriction elements.This paper is composed of three parts, the first part is "The character and the forming mechanism of apology", it lays emphasis on researching the character and forming mechanism. Apology, just like other speech acts, has three kinds of pattern. During apologizing, someone reaches the intention of apology by expressing all kinds of lingual forms to infect on the anditory one. From the forming mechanism, offence isn' t the necessity cause. Apology is a kind of self-expression by self-criticism and self-dispraise to keep the balance of others' and own psychology.The second part is "The restriction factors of apologizing". This act needs influenced by a lot of factors. Among them there are comparatively steady factors, such as the sex factor, nationality' s cultural factor, and there is a concrete scene factor too, for instance time, place, potential listener, etc. Various kinds of factors have an effect together restricting every concrete apology activity .The third part is"The tactics and way of apologizing", the ones that analyze multi-forms that were expressed during apologizing. In the part, we do not merely analyze relevant factors in the concrete language phenomenon and restriction elements, and still investigate laws and characteristic that used from the dynamic course. In the act of apologizing, in order to reach optimization of the apologizing information, we need to make and choose the tactics according to such factors as purpose, environment, target of apologizing, etc. Then it turn materially concrete forms, and these different language forms embody the vocabulary, grammar, rhetoric' s characteristic.This text attempts the research of the act in order to passes the perspectivity of apology from the multi-disciplinary and many angles as the breakthrough point. It ties to announce the characteristic of this kind of speech act deeply, and then to offer the reference on methodology for research of other speech acts, opening up the vision for the research of the speech act.