| In the history of thought in Han Dynasty, Wang Chong is a unique thinker. His works are plentiful, but nowadays Lunheng is the only one we can find. Though this book has made a profound and lasting influence on the later Chinese history of thought, but it is controversial in history. In the twentieth century, the diversify development of Chinese academic trend provides new background and conditions for our reading and evaluating Wang Chong's philosophy again. It is just under these conditions that Chinese scholars have given new interpretations to Wang Chong's thinking in different ways of thinking. These interpretations can mainly be summed up in three kinds: scientific, humanistic and Marxist interpretations about Wang Chong's thinking. In addition, there are some others that have their own styles.Though these different views make us have more profound understanding of Wang Chong's theory, the limitations of their frameworks of thought lead to the partiality of their understanding. So I try to go beyond these limits, adopt an open view and put Wang Chong's thought in his time and then read and explain it. This thesis begins with the analysis of Wang Chong's rational spirit and humanistic spirit, and makes an effort to objectively review the achievements and defects about Wang Chong's philosophy by pondering over the connection between the rationalism and humanism.The "rationality" nature of Wang Chong's philosophy is mainly embodied in its scientificism, empiricism and instrumentalism. In this sense, I use "rationalism" as the antithesis of "humanism". In Lunheng, Wang Chong carries out his rational critique by constructing the theory of naturalist cosmology and the empiricism characteristic of "emphasis on the desired result". His rational spirit mainly includs the forceful criticism about the theological teleology, the practice of dogmatic Confucianism and dark social politics. This destructiveness of the critical spirit of Wang Chong's philosophy can be seen from the above. |
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