The Immigration In The Northeast Since The Late Qing

Since the late Qing Dynasty the issue on immigration from Shanhaiguan has been an important part of the study of the regional society history of China. The immigration from Shanhaiguan to the Northeast involved with the population of so many provinces and lasting for so long a time, is known as 'the largest population movement in human history'. Thanks to the large-scale population movement, the Northeast has gradually developed into a community, which is mainly structured by the immigrants of Han nationality. Thus, the significant and far-reaching influence has been conduced on the history of the Northeast. Accordingly the immigration issue has drawn historians and scholars' concern, and possessed new features and practical meaning, especially with the revitalization of the old industrial northeast bases.Based on the study by the predecessors and further use of the historical data, this article analyzes the immigrant activities in the aspects of the social history background, the reason, the process, the route and the area in the northeast since the late Qing Dynasty (1860-1945) . The article also discusses the relationship between the population immigration and the region development, pointing out that size of immigration has direct ratio with the development of the Northeast.Meanwhile, immigrant activities of this period of time, lacking thorough organization arrangement and long-term plans, are of blindness and utility. Therefore, from this historical lesson and under the principle of combing the economic efficiency, the ecology benefit and social benefit, it is suggested that government should make policies and laws on immigration and establish the reasonable social security system so as to develop healthy reasonable immigrant activities and achieve harmony unification between the population, the resources and the environment.