Ming And Qing Dynasties' For The Transformation Of Values ​​and Meaning

The Ming and the Qing Dynasties as "the days collapsed the solution" were the greatly turbulent time in the Chinese history, the social conditions and the ideological recognitions all had the huge changes. The class contradictions unprecedented are incisive, between the new economic sector appearance and the old production method had the intense conflicts, residential social stratum rising, the western theory is penetrating into the eastward, as well as the national contradictory intensification and so on all impacts directly the Confucianism value system that occupied the dominant position. Since the Ming Dynasty, had been following the Neo-Confucianism politic process, comparing with the original Neo-Confucianism appeared the huge changes, obviously displayed the attention to practice and to reconsider, the critique and the conformity opens the new characteristic. Positive engaging in introspection study became the Ming Dynasty Confucianism most prominent achievement take the heart and body reconstruction as the mission, the legitimate Neo-Confucianism by magnificently moved brilliant towards the decline. Wants in the understanding in the principle which it distinguishes, the people embarked from respective standpoints also started redo carefully examined with the discrimination. Ming and Qing Dynasties the values of the principle wants transform was precisely launches under this kind of specific historical condition.The differentiation between principle and desire has been an important proposition in the Chinese philosophy history and in an ethics thought history. in the process of historical development, it both goes through vertically and horizontally fords, has become the topic in particular which the thinkers craves since taking care of oneself study establishment. In Cheng Zhu Neo-Confucianism, the principle entrusts with the main body significance, thus established "has saved the natural justice, extinguished the human desire" the value criterion, and gradually caused its making absolute, delimited together the gap in rational essential and between the perceptual desire. In the Neo-Confucianism the principle wants the values present are cannot separate with the Chinese thought culture inherent value orientation. Chinese culture in its historical development, has demonstrated own value idea through to beauty, group oneself, righteousness advantage, public and private and so on relational stipulation. The principle wants it to distinguish is take this as the source, is further launches in the above values foundation with the deepening. However needs to explain, the principle wants it to distinguish launches in the process, from as soon as starts to have the different meanings, mainly concentrates in wanting whether can go, can go. Along with time change, people's this kind awakens changes even more obviously, after the middle of Ming Dynasty, many thinkers start to propose the question and launches the proof in abundance proposed with "saves the principle to extinguish the desire" the different understanding. If it was mad the school of thought LuoQin Shun, the king seat of monarchical government, Wu Tinghan, was sincere and truthful heart study heresy Li Zhi and so on, all to needed "the desire" as the perception to give the certain degree even the full affirmation, has laid the foundation for Ming and Qing Dynasties when to this question full discussion.Ming and Qing Dynasties, along with reconsidering, the critique and even realism ideological trend starting, the thinkers also started to save the principle to extinguish wants the values profoundly to engage in introspection, wanted by the original principle to oppose the trend to take care wants to unify. "Mt. Jishan school of thought" Liu Zongzhou, Chen Que and so on wanted from the principle to coordinate view to embark to the Song Ming Neo-Confucianism principle wants view to carry on preliminary reconsidering, thought the natural justice and the human desire relations should not be the water and fire do not accommodate but are inseparable. Wang Fuzhi use "wanted by the principle house" the principle wants to unify view systematically to analyze between the moral ideal and the material pursues relations. Compared with the thinkers in Ming later per profound and comprehensive. In Qing Dynasty initial period, this critique movement development thoroughly. Yan Yuan initiates the practical knowledge standpoint embarks, put person's individual personal gain a frank and upright status, caused the pursue "the human desire" to reach highest knowledge, ding-dong. Dai Zhen was the ancient times society principle wants it to distinguish finally the conclusion, also was the one to "saves the natural justice, extinguished the human desire" critique profound, his natural theory of human nature and the principle wanted discussed profoundly exposes takes care of the scientist "by the principle murder" the essence, the initiative "wants to hit asks the principle" and "and the people same desire".The transformation of the value view on principle and desire has the vital significance in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Based on decides again to the human nature graduated arm, on the one hand has made the full affirmation to person's perceptual desire; On the other hand, then has highlighted the individual value rationality. At the same time, dual discusses by Cheng Zhu's human nature to the monism transformation, also returns from the thinkers empty talk disposition empty unreliable world to the lively vivid real world in. Moreover, the transformation of the differentiation between principle and desire also has the vital significance to remold the ideal personality. The principle wants to unify namely meant the perceptual desire existence the rationality; nobody may be separated from the perceptual desire and the desire. Like this will pull "the sage" from "the world" to "the space", put saint study, the popularity, contacted Cheng Sheng with people's life practice, became the saint have the reality foundation. The moral rationality and the material demand always are in the contradictory movement, how to handle and assurance, perhaps we may discover the trifle valuable content from the transformation of the differentiation between principle and desire in Ming and Qing Dynasties.