On The Anti-japanese Base Areas Of Agricultural Mutual Assistance And Cooperation Movement

Generally speaking, the anti-Japanese base areas were always situated in the several provincial border areas, where the natural conditions were bad, the traffic was isolated, and the agricultural productivity was relatively backward. In addition, there were frequent wars, the shortage of labor force and productive tools, especially the cattle, became the fundamental constraints to the agriculture of the anti-Japanese base areas. Under the backward productivity, an important way that solved the two serious difficulties of agriculture was to carry out mutual aid and cooperation among the farmers. In the period of Anti-Japanese War, the economy of the anti-Japanese base areas had serious problems, because of the frequent attacks of Japanese imperialism and the KMT diehard's surrounding blockade. In order to find more sources of revenue to support the Anti-Japanese War and improve the living conditions of people who lived in the base areas, Mao Zedong declared a series of important instructions about mutual aid and cooperation. After 1943, the movement of agricultural mutual aid and cooperation started, and organizations of mutual aid and cooperation were also generally established in the anti-Japanese base areas. From the historical facts at that time, the start and development of organizations of mutual aid and cooperation have not only played an important role in developing economy of the anti-Japanese base areas, realizing the affluence of people in base areas, defeating the Japanese imperialism and KMT diehard's economic blockades as well as winning victory of Anti-Japanese War, but also created a large number of new farmers. The movement of mutual aid and cooperation of agriculture in anti-Japanese. base areas was an important step of the CPC guiding the individual peasants to move towards collectivization. It has had profound influence on the agricultural cooperative movement which not only occurred during the war of liberation but also in the contemporary.