Shi Political Thought

Wang Anshi is one of the famous politicians in Chinese history, his life and the comments on him by people who after him are all about his reforms on politic, so it is important to research on the conductive thoughts of Wang Anshi's political reforms. But in a long time, Wang Anshi's political thoughts were summarized by his opponent—Sima Guang—as the idea of three not enough, namely the fate is not enough to fear, rumors are not enough to cherish, ancestor's rules are not enough to keep. The idea of three not enough deeply explained the spiritual of Wang Anshi's political thoughts, which was accepted by many people, this idea also can not enough to explicit the all means of Wang Anshi's political thoughts, therefore ,we need a new research on Wang Anshi's political thought, that must contain all aspects.Wang Anshi's political thoughts were deriving from his political life and academics, he known the true situations about the lower classes in Northern Song dynasty deeply, and he was not only combined himself to the traditional Confucianism, it makes Wang Anshi's political thoughts as more pragmatic and active.Essentially, Wang Anshi still as a politician and a scholar who obeyed the Confucianism, the political reforms and academic reforms always conformed with the "Ritual", and he always emphasized the important of "Ritual". Though above could be regarded as defense of Wang Anshi's political reforms, and also emphasized the important of laws, the system of Wang Anshi's political thoughts were not betraying the basis of Confucianism, we cannot desolated Wang Anshi from Confucianism.Wang Anshi's attitudes to utility confronted to dogmatic idea which passed from Dong Zhongshu's idea that do the righteous but no managed to get benefits. Wang Anshi searched the utilized ideas from tradition for defending his reforms. But Wang Anshi was not chasing the maximum of utility, when he recognized the crisis in society, politic , and economy in Northern Song dynasty, he managed to abolish the unreasoned old rules and make the Northern Song dynasty tend to peace, in order to keep the political structure of Confucianism. All of Wang Anshi's acts vie the utilized ways to back to the former Kings' "Tao", so that expanded to country's management, economic policies, education of administrators, and so on.Because the idea of three not enough , the discussion also not enough about Wang Anshi's political thoughts , so this dissertation will trying to discuss the conductive thoughts in acts on the basis of the background that Wang Anshi lived and explain the reason of failure of Wang Anshi's political reforms from Wang Anshi's life and academics.