Alexander Hamilton, The Federal Republican Thought

Alexander Hamilton is a distinguished statesman,thinkers,the founders of the United States financial undertakings in the early founding of the United States.His thinking is very rich,leaving thinking insights in political,economic,diplomatic,military and legal aspects in the history of the development of the United States. Federal Republicanism is the core of his thinking and all the other aspects are basic on it and also serve it.Hamilton was influenced by Hobbes, Hume, and other classical political philosophers and Calvinism view of human nature,developing his own"cachexia".This is the theoretical foundation in philosophy of his federal republic idea. In his view,people are evil hence we must make"cachexia"as the foundation of the presence institution and the framework of the government.He advocated using"evil system to regulate evil"ways to build strong national government so as to make the private sector benefit social welfare.He divided the people into the minorities and the majorities,the minorities being a small number of rich and famous nobles and the majority being of the masses.He lacked trust in the masses of people,insisting that the rich and famous aristocratic permanently monopoly the power.Montesquieu, Locke, etc. the distinguished initiatory thinkers in Europe, have a great influence to Hamilton. His Federal Republicanism originated from their political thinkings. Hamilton's thinking of the federal republic also came from the realistic life.During the War of Independence,the plight of the Army and the chaotic situation in post-war Confederation were the reality source of the Federal Republicanism thought.His long-term coexistence with Washington,influenced by Washington's thought.In addition,the wealth of knowledge is also the major source of his thinking.In the federal republic thoughts of Hamilton's,his first concern is that the Confederation system caused various disadvantages to the American political and economic development.In his view,the drawbacks of the Confederation system is that:legislative principles is according to the state as a unit,rather than as individual units; the power of state is too much,the functions of the Confederation Congress are limited,lacking strength and vitality; Confederation systems attribute to the domestic disputes and foreign threats; Confederation systems lead to a country's strength poor,the international status weak. Hamilton believes that the only way to eliminate these drawbacks is the abolition of the Confederation and establish a unified Federation.Reunification of the federal state has the following characteristics: the states substantive joint; the establishment of dual government,the checks and balances and separation of powers of the federal government and state government; the federal government is strong,live and powerful,owning the tools of exercising their power.Hamilton believes that such a federal structure in the maintenance of national security,the promotion of commercial to be effective and increasing government revenue and reducing expenditure has much more advantage than Confederation.Hamilton believes that the new federal government should adopt a representative system of government.The representative is a form of indirect democracy,the people through their represents to exercise their sovereignty.He maintained that the special interest groups----big landowners,the emerging bourgeoisie and the elite intellectuals as board representatives.He would combine the federal system with representative and have broken through the narrow traditional theory that Republican is carried only in small countries establishing the first big bourgeois Republic in the history of mankind in the United States.In his view,the big Republic than the small can manage more people,better prevent"party struggles"and tyranny.Hamilton was convinced that the inherent shortcomings of the republican were the too much power of the elected assembly; the minority interests being vulnerable to the majorities.For this reason,the government must follow the design of the separation of powers and checks and balances principle.The forthcoming state legislative,executive and judicial powers assigned to three different departments,the balance of power between the various departments,mutual constraints.In order to achieve the balance of power,Hamilton advocated weakening legislative power,and enhancing the administrative and judicial powers.In order to achieve mutual constraints,he maintained that the power of the various departments were certain mixed.The establishment of a powerful Federal Republic was a goal that Hamilton pursued for life.He exhausted all efforts to promote the country toward this goal.It promoted the Constitutional Conference and the ratification of the new constitution.He has made the greatest contribution to the constitution.He served as the first Minister of Finance,positive solution to a serious financial crisis and the credit crisis and adopted a series of financial reform measures.His fiscal reform measures penetrate the federal republic,the ideal political purposes.He foiled the Allenby Piper running for president and New York governor,crushed the conspiracy of separating the federal government designed by Federalists separatist and Piper.Because of this,he sacrificed his life.In the diplomatic activities,he considered maintaining and consolidating Federation as important criteria.Contradictions between the United States and France,he strongly advocates"neutral",contradictions between the United States and Britain,he strongly insisted for peace talks avoiding war for the young federal in result winning valuable time for the development and expansion.Hamilton is few become a political symbol of American politicians.His thought of the federal republic to the United States had a far-reaching impact.No one can be the founding father of the United States as he did for the prosperity and development of a system such a solid foundation.Many of his theories,such as the right to judicial review,the implied power and broad interpretation of the theory were inherited by future generations of politicians,becoming a powerful tool of strengthening federal powers and the powers of the executive branch.The fierce struggle between him and Jefferson effected American political development from different aspects.The essence of the two ideas became important part of the American political tradition.His thinking was in this mosaic"of the United States",and the United States will always have no way to escape his influence.Today, China's socialist modernization drive and democratic political reform is entering a crucial period.A federal study of Hamilton on the Republican ideology is good for us to deal with the relationship between central government and local government,promoting development and achieving sustainable development and social harmony,having important academic value and practical significance.