| "Zi Gu" and "Yi Fu" are the clear important ancient books in exegesis at end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty. Its author is Huang Sheng. The main contents of two books are word-meaning explanations of ancient books, and have gotten a great achievement in exegesis, and have established practice and theoretical foundation for the development of exegesis.There are three volumes in "Zi Gu" and "Yi Fu". "Zi Gu" named by "Zi Gu" of Zhang Yi of the Jin Dynasty. It is a book that learns from else's experience history books of all sorts words and phrases, tests and distinguishes phonology and meaning, corrects the errors, lays particular emphasis on the distinguishing of figure and sound and meaning of the characters. There are two volumes in "Yi Fu". The first volume talks about the chief books; the second volume talks about the else's books and the "Jin Shi Lu" of Zhao Mingcheng of Song Dynasty, "Li Shi" of Hong Shi, "Shui Jing Zhu" of Li Daoyuan of Bei Wei Dynasty, and "Ming Tong Ji" of Tao Zhenbai. This book lays particular emphasis on textual criticism of names of things and institutions, and the evidence is precise and detailed, and many forefathers have not related them. The explanations of words related to many kinds of method of exegesis in the two books. The author analyzed and recorded the entries in two books, sorted out and summarized, on this basis, and then combined the knowledge of modern linguistics and other relevant disciplines, made a careful and detailed analysis, summarized and synthesized. The author expected to have a more overall understanding to the methods of exegesis in two books, and can make some contribution to scientific process of the method of exegesis even more.The exegesis includes two kinds of meaning: First, seeking the meaning of a word, we call that the method of exegesis; second, the meaning of a word is expressed by words the people known, that is to say state the meaning of a word, we call that the form of exegesis. The methods of exegesis this thesis analyses are the means of seeking ancient words and phrases meaning adopted in "Zi Gu" and "Yi Fu". Through summarizing and analyzing, the methods of exegesis in "Zi Gu" and "Yi Fu" can be divided into a main method and a auxiliary method. In this paper, the author has made a detailed analysis to these two kinds of methods. Its main contents are as follows:Preface: In this part, the author made a brief introduction about the research object--"Zi Gu" and "Yi Fu" and its author's situation, the research value of the thesis, the research approach, the research history about subject, and the present situation.Part one: In this part, the author generalized and analyzed the method of exegesis of the vocabulary that is one of the main method of exegesis used in "Zi Gu" and "Yi Fu". The method of exegesis of the vocabulary mainly regards the words as the centre, does not involve its usage of function. It contains six methods—seeking the word-meaning according to the sound clue, seeking the word-meaning according to the figure clue, expanding other meanings from the original meaning of the words, seeking the word-meaning according to the context, comparing and contrasting, analyzing the dialect and proverd. The author has made a detailed classification of every method again, and analyzed in detail through examples.Part two: In this part, the author generalized and analyzed the method of exegesis of the grammar that is one of the main method of exegesis used in "Zi Gu" and "Yi Fu". The method of exegesis of the grammar mainly regards function usage of the word as the centre. It contains three methods—to relate to morphology, sentence structure and rhetoric tactics. The author has made a detailed classification of every method again. The summary of method of this kind of exegesis used in the two books is helpful to studying ancient's grammar.Part three: In this part, the author generalized and analyzed the method of exegesis of the documents that is one of the auxiliary method of exegesis used in "Zi Gu" and "Yi Fu". There are two respects together: using the documents as illustrations and verifying the meaning in the documents. This kind of method is used quite more in two books, but the usage is simpler, so the author only give an analysis briefly.Ending: In this part, the author summarized the whole article, and added the points that were not mentioned in the article yet, and further point out the research meaning of this thesis. |
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