Shang And Zhou Bronze Ge,

Bronze Li is the main one tableware in Bronze Li China. As one kind of ritual vessels, bronze Li bearing an important part in Preqin ritual systerm, also occupied an important position in combination of bronze ritual vessels. It emerged in early Shang Dynasty, flourished in early and mid of Spring and Autumn periods, declined in the med-term of warring States period, and disappeared completely in the Qin and Han Dynasties. Bronze Li not only has multiple in quantities, but also distributed widely, its development process runs though nearly the whole Bronze Li. But to date, most researches on Bronze Li lay stress on horizontal comparation, there are lack of vertical researches. And the theory about this subject has not Lit specifically done with its comprehensive, systematic and deepth. This paper takes the bronze Li as research object, based on previous studies, archaeological excavations information and collection of ancient handed down, using archaeological typology, statistics, cultural factors analysis to discuss the relationship between the bronze Li's naming, function, classification of type, periodization and dating, combination of artifact, regional features, origion and extinction and (分档鼎) respectively.This paper is divided into eight parts, each part for one problem, give a research systemically about the Bronze Li.Introduction, including three subsections: the bronze Li's definition about time-space concept, review on previous studies and the significance of this paper.PartⅠ, is about the bronze Li's naming and function. Based on the bronze with the inscription' naming to sum up the rules and characteristics on bronze Li, combined Literature and unearthed information to discuss the bronze Li's ritual system function and social function.PartⅡ, the bronze Li's typology analysis. Mainly based on archaeological materials, use the m ethod of typology to classify bronze Li , specified all the characteristics of the artifacts in every times to reveal the utensils law of development.PartⅢ, bronze Li's Division. In the last chapter, the development of bronze Li were divided into eleven periods, and summarized all of the characteristics to determine bronze Li's development context.PartⅣ, bronze Li's burials combination study. Unearthed bronze ritual vessels combination which has not been stolen and disturbed were used as research materials, to investigate its changes in combination relationship, then inspected the bronze Li's different position in ritual vessels combination and changes in ritual systerm during the three Generations.PartⅤ, regional characteristics of bronze Li's distribution. Bronze Li's distribution will be divided into six parts: the Central Plains area, central shaanxi area, Shandong area, middle and lower reaches of the changjiang river area, Sichuan area, and the northwest area. This kind of distributions were covered with strong characteristics of the regions, and we can got that the main bronze Li's regional distribution transferred by the main political center transformation.PartⅥ, the study on the relationship between bronze Li and分裆tripod. Analysis on the origins, the epidemic times, the shapes characteristics of the both and the burials of materials were made with the past distinction studies of pre-scholars, this paper established five criterions to distinguish these two judgments comprehensively.PartⅦ, the origin and demise of bronze Li. Bronze Li originated from the shape of Tao Li, since Neolithic the Yangshao culture were produced until the period of the Warring States, Tao Li has been the main daily cooker. Many bronze vessels shapes are derived from pottery. And its demise is inevitable result of Bronze Age. After the mid of the Warring States Bronze Age substituted by Iron Age gradually. At the same time, the emergence of Copper Kettle pushed the bronze Li out of the date, and also became an important factor of its demise.