British Coal Mining Sites To Study

Coal as the Britain's foundational energy, palyed an important role in its history. After the World Warâ…¡, many Western countrys changed their economy order, and so did their energy order. The petroleum instead of coal became the main energy of the whole world. In Britain, petroleum in North Sea accelerated the fading of coal industry. Lots of coal mine areas had to reduce its output, some even closed. So many coal mine districts were discarded as useless areas, which took lots of spaces and became the main threat of the people and property there. We call those districts as coal industry ruins or coal industrial heritages. It's very important for the people lived in those sites that how to reduce the dangerous. There are two ways to solve this problem:one is to protect those sites and endrow them cultural means; the other way is to reform and reuse. And Britain people had tried these ways successfully which can be also used by other countrys. So I try to discuss the Britain coal industry condition and introduce their experiences that can be used by us. This paper has three parts as follow:The first part introduce the main conditions of British coal industry. This part discusses these problems:how those coal mine be discarded; the condition of those areas, how people change their attitudes of those heritages; and relative laws. I think the reasons for the fading of coal industry are: the fading of coal mine; cost push; new energys and more cheaper coal from other areas; stronger sense of environmental protection; wars; flood ects. According to the series of acts we can see the changes of people's attitudes of coal mine ruins. And people changed their focus from the safety of life and fortune to reuse the heritage and environmental protection. And not only the authority but also the volunteers joined these rebuilding projects.Part two discuss how the British protect, restore and rebulid the coal main areas. This part introduces the necessity of restore and rebuild, basic conditions of coal industry ruins, rebuilding mode and the main principles. I believe that the problems of unemployment, financial meltdown, and poor soil go hand in hand with the problems of coal derelict lands. the restore modes are naturalism protected mode, humanism protected mode (museums, mall, dwellings, tourism, parks), multiple modes. And there are five basic principles of restoring:sustainable development and multiple protected mode, safety, public participation, public benefit and commercial benefit as well, suit the measures to local conditions, and so on.The third part is about the experiences and influence. This part mainly talks about two terms: the first one is successful experiences of Britain's restore project and what we can learn from it; the other one is to analyse the problems of coal heritage conditions in China. What we can learn from British people is we must promise that we have effective law, professional and scientifical team, cooperation, enough and stable financial support, more reserve talents ects. And then this paper analyse the problems of China's coal mine ruins, such as short of the sense of environmental protection, short of social responsibility, no effective rules, the thought of "economy comes first".In the end, I summarize the main idea of the whole paper and see what can this paper benefit for us.