Research On Northwest Coal Mine Plants During The Republic Of China(1934-1949)

Shanxi has enjoyed the reputation of "the hometown of coal" since ancient times.The region has abundant coal reserves and good coal quality,and has a long history of development.Especially since the Song Dynasty,coal trading has gradually flourished.Into modern times,the upsurge of setting up coal mines in Shanxi.Under the specific historical conditions and social circumstances of Shanxi at that time,the Shanxi coal mining industry also experienced a tortuous and slow development process.In the competition for mining in the early 20 th century,Shanxi gentry and businessmen founded Baojin Mining Company,marking the start of Shanxi's modern coal industry;after the 1911 Revolution,a boom in revitalizing the industry and the corresponding mining laws were successively introduced.Gentry and gentry invested in mining,and Shanxi's coal mining industry began to flourish.At that time,large and small coal mines and coal kilns were everywhere in Datong,Yangquan,Taiyuan,Shouyang.In 1929,Yan Xishan integrated the coal mines near Datong.The Jinbei Mining Bureau was established.The development of Shanxi coal mine industry has also gone through the development process from commercial,government-commercial co-organization and government-run.In 1934,the establishment of the Northwest Coal Mine Plant marked the peak of the modern Shanxi official coal mine industry.This article takes the Northwest Coal Mine Plant in the period from 1934 to 1949 as the research object to discuss the development and operation of the Northwest Coal Mine Plant during this period.As another large-scale coal mining company since Baojin Mining Company and Jinbei Mining Bureau,Northwest Coal Mine has implemented a plant manager responsibility system,a three-level and five-level vertical leadership mechanism,and specific responsibilities.The special reward and punishment mechanism has made new developments in coal production,storage,transportation,and sales in terms of business activities.As Yan Xishan 's government-run coal mine,its fate was at the same time as the political and social environment and the development plan of the Yan authorities The characteristics have a close relationship,which has formed different characteristics from other modern coal mines.Of course,its development was also affected by the turbulent social environment and various shortcomings in business management.An in-depth study of the management and operation of the Northwest Coal Mine Plant has important academic significance not only for exploring the development of the Shanxi coal industry during the Republic of China,but also for providing some reference for the development of Shanxi's regional economy.