End Of The Qing Multi-party System Theory And Practice

Throughout history, the modern political system of China has experienced four period. They are multi-party system, bipartisan system, single party system, multiparty cooperative system. Multi-party system in the period of the end of the Qing Dynasty and the early of the Republic of China as the origin of Chinese politics of party is closely related with modernization which does not belong to its historical mission of national salvation.Multi-party system in modern China is a mixture combined the modern politcal values with the traditional chinese political culture. The process of "transplant" it in China is the process of "alienation". First, the multi-party system from the date of birth has the indissoluble bond with the denomination. Although there are many factions which develop with the characteristic of polarization because of interests, one is revolutionary, alther is constiutionalists and regional forcess. Factions determine the mode of operation of the multi-party system and the palarization and association of parties. Second, there are many political parties in this period, they are complex and multipe. Because the ism, creed, constitution, discipline, party member and sources of funding are very different. Regarding ethics, despising constitution, feeble trust of mass, serious phenomena of cross-party, absolute authority of leader are the characteristics of political parties during this period. Again, because of the unsound party organization, the imperfect system and the lack of the spirit of "tolerance", the relationship between political parties is reflected by the absolute struggle with money and force. This shock people in the word.The motivation of transplanting the polities of party is very good,but the multi-party system can not satisfy people's expect and can not lead the establishment of democratic system. On the contrary, a farce of contesting power was putting on. First, chinese traditional culture can not provide adequate theoretical support for multi-party system. China is a feudal country before two thousand years.Autarchy is a habit, it exclude multi-party system absolutely. Second, the national democratic consciousness in this period can not be the strong backup of democratic system, the national bourgeoisie can not realize the political dream of multi-party system because of the insufficient strength of economic. Multi-party system failed because of the feudal trength. Again, salvation is the theme in this period, if multi-party system can not achieve the task of salvation, it will be replaced by more authoritative political party system. Finally, the multi-party system itself is not perfect and immature, the politics of party can not circulate effectively because of its defects, so it is difficult to establish a favorable image in the eyes of the piblic. Multi-party system in this period reflect the developmental track of Chinese politics from a different angle of view, namely the collisinon and amalgamation of the ideal and the reality, the traditional and modern, this is important in contemporary China. Because of multi-party system of short-lived, modern Chinese intellectuals engage more profound thinking on the balane of "democracy" and "tyranny", the consideration of "majority decision" and "protection of minorities", the structure of "harmonious relationship of parties" and so on, inspiration has been quite significant.