A Comparative Study Of Land System Between China And Russia

China and Russia have various geographical similarities:both have wide land areas and are rich in natural resources. Nonetheless, there are many differences: China’s vast land has always been the foundation of its big population. Russia’s population in relation to its territorial size is relatively small. While the cultivated land mass in Russia is rather small, uncultivated lands, such as forests and grasslands, are abundant. Russia is located further north than China, thus having a colder climate. As a result, China and Russia focus on different problems in their land protection. China is devoted on the protection of farmer land, while the Russian system of land protection focuses on both cultivated and uncultivated land. From feudal times, China and Russia passed many laws and made policies on land governance, which allowed private ownership of land for generations, but with differences in the political- and established land systems.Russia used the experience of western institutions and ideas to improve its own land system and privatized land. In contrary, Chinese civil law has been deeply influenced by the Soviet Union. China copied the Soviet Union’s and other socialistic countries’ experience and carried out socialization. All lands were transferred into state- and collective ownership. After reforms China approved 2 models of land ownership:public ownership and collective ownership of land.This article consists of three parts. The first part is about the development and current situation of land system in Russia. The second part is about the development and current situation of China’s land system. The third part consists of an analysis of the previous two parts by comparing the land systems of this two countries, analyzing of the relevant principles of land, land classification system and protection system, land usage systems, exploring the similarities and differences between China and Russia’s land system.