Study On The Differences Of Occupational Separation Between Xi'an Urban Residents Based On Community Types

Nowadays, with the acceleration of urbanization in China, cities become the gathering center of cash flow, information flow, people and goods flow. In the progress of revolutions in cities, the urban spatial structure is having a big change as well, especially the spatial structure of residential and industrial land. The disintegration of unit systems and the era of the housing market make this phenomenon even worse. The long-time, long-distance commutes, the aggravation of urban air pollution and traffic jams are the problems which most cities all have. The specialists and scholars of urban geography, urban traffic, human geography and many fields of sociology began to study the Job-housing balance and affecting factors.The people of different social backgrounds and different economic resources ability gathered in the city, the cities in China are now on the way of rapid urbanization and social stratification, this also exacerbate the social stratification of the urbanite. The social stratification and the growing wealth gap show residential stratification and segregation in space. Taking Xi’an as example and using community characteristic as entry points to analyze the difference of the home-work separation between different community residents in Xi’an. Communities in Xi’an can be grouped into four categories: village-in-the-city communities, unit community, commodity houses communities and senior community according to community characteristic. Then in order to confirm this thesis’ s conclusion systematically, I have selected 5 different communities from Bali village community, Waiyuan family area community, Xujingmingyuan community, Hongxi Garden community and the Sixth Qujiang community as cases to analyze. I do enough marketing research—like literature, field interviews and questionnaires— to quantify the characteristic and effective factors of work-home separation from 700 available samples, which include personal social-economic information, spatial information of where they work and live, and commuting situation. From the data statistics and analytical by Excel, SPSS20.0, and ARC GIS based on the large-scale questionnaire data, making single factor analysis of variance to examine the relationship between community characteristic, personal social-economic information, and commute time, commute tools. The study found:1. The overall status of the job-housing balance is quiet good, the average commute time is 30.48 min, far less than the Beijing’s average commute time(52min), Shanghai(51min), Tianjin(46min) which were measured by Baidu data in 2014, but it has a great relationship with the urban spatial structure and city-size of the Xi’an. 2. Based on the descriptive statistics of questionnaire data, it showed that here is a significant difference in commuting time and commuting distance, commuting tools and commuting satisfaction between different communities. To sort by time commuting: Sixth Qujiang community(senior community)> Xujingmingyuan community(commodity houses communities)> Waiyuan family area community(unit community)> Bali Village(village-in-the-city community)> Hongxi Garden(suburban commodity houses communities). 3. By ANOVA, we found that there are intimate connection between community characteristic and commuting time and tools. Otherwise, the personal social-economic situation, such as education, family structure, personal income, employment, housing properties also significantly affect the commuting time and tools. 4. By spatial analysis of Arc GIS, we make the commuting trips and buffer analysis of different communities to analyze the spatial arrangement of employment and resident and the commuting flows. Find that the layout of employment and resident is quiet concentrated, and the degree of job-housing balance is quite good.