| Agriculture is the basic industry of the national economy. As the level of industrialization in the world is rising day by day, the proportion of agricultural output value and employment is dropping in the national economy as a whole. But all the governments in this world give more and more support and protection to agriculture. In the financial field, the governments established agricultural policy banks specially to support agricultural producing and trading.In the process of transforming its traditional planned economy to socialist market-oriented economy, China's agricultural policy banking business was separated from commercial banking business and expanded gradually. At the end of 1994, a special policy financial institution, Agricultural Policy Bank of China (APBC), was founded to guarantee financial input through policy loans. As a product of agricultural financial structure reform and since its establishment and operation, APBC has achieved remarkable results in development of agriculture prevention of loss in the purchasing grain, cotton and edible oil; improvement of agricultural policy financial system and operation mechanism. It has displayed special functions of agricultural policy bank, which is unreplaceable by other commercial banks.After years of bumper harvests, agricultural products supply exceeds its demand. State foodstuff -purchasing enterprises can't sell out huge stocks of surplus grains, as a result, APBC can't recall its loans. Starting from this issue, the thesis systematically analyses the reality of APBC operation, inquires into the ways to improve APBC operation, to broaden its scope of business, and to realize the function of supporting agriculture in whole course.Based on the socialist market economy, this thesis chooses some representative problems in APBC operation and explores the way of perfecting it. Following the logic thought system "what-why-how", the thesis adopts the Marxism analysis approach. It affirms fully the definitely active and effective policy and measures taken in the foodstuff reform in our country, and indicates the shortages in current foodstuff reform, such as the purchase-monopolization against the state foodstuff-purchasing enterprises to increase efficiency.This thesis consists of four chapters:Chapter One, "Theoretical base of agricultural policy finance". Agriculture supplies mankind daily essential necessities. Its special position in the national economy spells out that the policy to support, protect and promote agriculture should be implemented in the system of socialist market economy. To establish an efficient agricultural policy bank is a major measure to guarantee credit input. The agricultural policy bank, which is the joint of commercial banking business and policy banking business, has a special operation mechanism. After past years of operation, many problems were exposed, and solving this problem points out the direction of APBC long-term development.1.Broaden APBC operating scope, support agricultural and rural economy in all directions.2.Excute regional slanting policy, give more support to poverty-stricken areas, and promote harmonious development between regions.3.Facing agricultural economy internationalization and China admission WTO, adjust its agricultural supporting policy in time.Chapter Two, "The reform of Chinese agricultural policy finance". This chapter emphasizes on the practice of APBC in real operating activities and exerts on debating the theory about credit funds sealed operation and circulation. It's the central part of the thesis.The government purchases agricultural products at protective price and supports agriculture in circulation. Through systematical analysis of the domestic foodstuff market, the thesis gives findings: When the volume of foodstuff supply exceeds the demand, the government only purchases the surplus to keep the agricultural price. It's no use and not possible to purchase all the products in the market. We must split policy-reserving business from commerci... |
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