Present Situation And Countermeasures Of SME Credit Guarantee

As early as the twenties or the thirties of the twentieth century, some countries established special institutions that offered collateral for the medium and small-sized enterprises' financing, in order to reflect the governments' supports giving to them. For example, according to the barrier when medium and small-sized enterprise financing countered, the British government's "the Financing Industrial Committee" put forward a series of measures to save crisis, including setting up collateral institution in 1931. After the second World War, many special public organizations were founded to provide collateral for the medium and small-sized enterprises' financing in many European and American countries. At present, many Asian countries have also founded such organs. In Japan, the medium and small-sized enterprise credit complement system, an important part of the government's middle and small business policy, has a history of more than 60 years since it was set up. Developing and perfecting gradually, now it has formed a fairly comprehensive policy guarantee system. Concerning our country, in order to promote the building of the medium and small-sized enterprise service system, improve enterprises' living and developing environment, solve the difficulty of middle and small business financing, the Economy and Trade Committee of China issued ( the Medium and Small-sized Enterprise Credit collateral abbreviated for collateral following) in 1999, requiring to organize local collateral institution to increase the middle and small business' credit degree and financing capability. In the recent three years, our country has established the collateral system initially, but because of the deviation in understanding, the insufficient experience in the collateral institution's building and operating and some other factors, our collateral industry is confronted with many problems. The essay analyzes our collateral industry' present situation and problems deeply, then proposes imagination about the collateral industry' development. The passage consists of two parts, following the thought of raising problem, analyzing problem and solving problem. The first part mainly analyzes our collateral industry status quo, points out the problems and then analyzes its source. The second part is the emphasis, in accordance with the national conditions and collateral industry developing trend, using some foreign countries and Taiwan's practice and experience for reference, propose advice on the way of collateral industry in our country. The main contents is as follows.In the first part, at first, introducing our collateral industry basic situation and then giving summary by stages. In our country, the collateral system has been an rudiment, and the collateral industry has had an initial scale. The collateral system is composed of collateral and re-collateral, in which collateral is the key stone, we haven't re-collateral mechanism by now. We have about 300 professional collateral institutions in the whole country, the total collateral capital amounts to around five or six billion yuan, undertake the business of about 500 middle and small enterprises, and the sum of collateral funds is 7.5 billion or so. Collateral has four major models: common collateral, joint collateral, mutual aid collateral and commercial collateral. In present stage the character of our national collateral lies in: diversification in raising money, but government investment is still the major; the service object nearly includes all enterprises of every ownership system; the main single business is loan collateral and the fee is low; the business operation is relatively standard and has set up some certain risk control quotas.In the second part,it analyzes the problems facing our collateral industry and its sources: first, the legal system is not perfect, we haven't special regulations for collateral industry, belongs to civil law system, str...