On Fairness And Efficiency

The relationship between fairness and efficiency is an eternal issue in the long and exciting history of human being. To maintain the stability of one society while keep moving its pace is a dynamic activity, which needs a delicate balance between efficiency and fairness. It never seems an easy goal. Ever since we move into the industrial society, as the vigilant transition of social structure was beginning, the paradox between these two concepts is getting more and more obvious. To choose fairness, or to efficiency? All over the world people get lost at the better answer. As a remote while great socialist society, our country also faces the dilemma of whether fairness or efficiency. When it comes to ownership, we attach more weight to fairness. So here comes "poverty transition" and "pure" Communism. Talking about allocation, we preferred "averagenism". Working hard or not gets the same result. Such a system suffocates the creativity and initiative of the labors. As the economy turns into a new scenario, the conflicts between fairness and efficiency become a more serious issue. While the "averagenism" is still on stage, the widened gap between the poor and rich is in advent. Confronting the worldwide conflicts between fairness and efficiency, we concern more and more about the origin of the conflicts. Furthermore, we'd like to ask "what is fairness" and "what is efficiency?" Just due to the deep concern of these questions, I start the long journey of writing this dissertation, hoping that this article will aid the recognition process of these two concepts and will build the right academic angle to perceive the issue. We should obviate the current social production condition, and realize that efficiency should be in first priority, while fairness is in the second place. This is a historical and dynamic relation between fairness and efficiency.This dissertation is based on the Marxism and Deng Xiaoping's theory of building the Chinese featured socialism, utilizing the paradoxism to reveal the ambivalence and integrity of the fairness and efficiency, utilizing the social essential theory to prove the historical and dynamic integrity of the two concepts, and utilizing "two points theory" and "priority theory" to conclude the necessity and rationality of the integrity of the concepts. The research method of my dissertation is theory analysis, comparative analysis and theory and reality combining analysis. The research rout of my dissertation is as following: first, it defines the concept of fairness and efficiency, and then compare the relationship among several western fairness and efficiency thoughts and the merit of the economic development strategies guided by these theories. Then it assesses the Deng Xiaoping's "efficiency first, fairness second" theory. Finally, confronting the problems in the fairness and efficiency, it offers some macro policy suggestions. Looking into the structure of my dissertation, you can find that we put the theory and application of the relationship between fairness and efficiency as the first part of the article. We make Deng Xiaoping's "efficiency first, fairness second" theory as the second part. The last part is the problems and policy suggestions to the application of "efficiency first, fairness second" theory. The first part of my article defines the concepts of fairness and efficiency and believes that the disagreement about the relationship of the two concepts results from the vague idea of these concepts. Efficiency concerns economic efficiency, and its core definition is ratio of output and input, while fairness concerns freedom, equality and social fairness. They are both historical concepts. Then we introduce the western theory of efficiency and fairness, such as "efficiency first", "fairness first" and "fairness and efficiency equal" theories, and further point out that their common characteristic is that they deem that the two concepts are diametrically opposed to each other. Guided by "efficiency first", "fairness first" and "fairness and...